Psychology: a modular approach

✍ Scribed by Coon, Dennis; Martini, Tanya; Mitterer, John O

• Publisher: Nelson Education
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 850
• Edition: First Canadian edition
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

How to Study Psychology -- Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science -- Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now -- Introducing Psychology: Experimental Studies -- Introducing Psychology: Nonexperimental Studies -- Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically about the Media -- Brain and Behaviour: Neurons and the Nervous System -- Brain and Behaviour: Brain Research -- Brain and Behaviour: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex -- Brain and Behaviour: Subcortex and Endocrine System -- Psychology in Action: Handedness -- Human Development: Heredity and Environment -- Human Development: Language, Emotional, and Social Development in Childhood -- Human Development: Cognitive and Moral Development in Childhood -- Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood -- Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness -- Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes -- Sensation and Perception: Vision -- Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses -- Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes -- Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity -- Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception -- Consciousness: States of Consciousness -- Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams -- Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs -- Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams -- Conditioning and Learning: Associative and Cognitive Learning -- Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning -- Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning -- Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment in Detail -- Psychology in Action: Behavioural Self-Management -- Memory: Memory Systems -- Memory: Measuring Memory -- Memory: Forgetting -- Memory: Superior Memory -- Psychology in Action: Mnemonics -- Cognition and Intelligence: Modes of Thought -- Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence -- Cognition and Intelligence: Decision Making -- Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving -- Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity -- Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions -- Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail -- Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail -- Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence -- Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation -- Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance -- Human Sexuality: Sexual Behaviour, Response, and Attitudes -- Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems -- Personality: Overview of Personality -- Personality: Trait Theories -- Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories -- Personality: Behavioural and Social Learning Theories -- Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness -- Health Psychology: Overview of Health Psychology -- Health Psychology: Stressors -- Health Psychology: Coping with Stress -- Health Psychology: Stress and Health -- Psychology in Action: Stress Management -- Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology -- Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia -- Psychological Disorders: Mood Disorders -- Psychological Disorders: Anxiety-Related Disorders and Personality Disorders -- Psychology in Action: Suicide -- Therapies: Treating Psychological Distress -- Therapies: Psychodynamic and Humanistic Experiential Therapies -- Therapies: Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies -- Therapies: Medical Therapies -- Psychology in Action: Facing Mental Health Issues -- Social Psychology: Social Behaviour and Cognition -- Social Psychology: Social Influence -- Social Psychology: Prosocial Behaviour -- Social Psychology: Antisocial Behaviour -- Psychology in Action: Multiculturalism -- Applied Psychology: Industrial/Organizational Psychology -- Applied Psychology: Environmental Psychology -- Applied Psychology: The Psychology of Law, Education, and Sports -- Psychology in Action: Human Factors Psychology.

✦ Table of Contents

Brief Contents......Page 7
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 24
Reflective Learning-Academic All-Stars......Page 39
Reflective Reading-How to Tame a Textbook......Page 40
Reflective Note Taking-LISAN Up!......Page 43
Reflective Study Strategies-Making a Habit of Success......Page 44
Reflective Test Taking-Are You Test Wise?......Page 45
Procrastination-Avoid the Last-Minute Blues......Page 46
Using Digital Media-Netting New Knowledge......Page 47
It's off to Work We Go-Hi Ho, Hi Ho......Page 48
Careers in Psychology-Are You Reading My Mind?......Page 50
Module 1: Summary......Page 51
Module 1: Knowledge Builder......Page 52
Psychology-Behave!......Page 53
Critical Thinking-Take It with a Grain of Salt......Page 56
Pseudopsychologies-Palms, Planets, and Personality......Page 58
Scientific Research-How to Think like a Psychologist......Page 61
Types of Evidence-From Tests to Testosterone......Page 64
Module 2: Summary......Page 67
Module 2: Knowledge Builder......Page 68
A Brief History of Psychology-Psychology's Family Album......Page 69
Psychology Today-Three Complementary Perspectives on Behaviour......Page 75
Psychologists-Guaranteed Not to Shrink......Page 77
Module 3: Knowledge Builder......Page 81
The Psychology Experiment-Where Cause Meets Effect......Page 82
Double Blind-On Placebos and Self-Fulfilling Prophecies......Page 84
Module 4: Knowledge Builder......Page 87
Quasi-Experimental and Correlational Studies......Page 88
Case Studies......Page 90
Module 5: Knowledge Builder......Page 92
Psychology in the Media-Are You Fluent in Klingon?......Page 93
Module 6: Summary......Page 95
Module 6: Knowledge Builder......Page 96
The Nervous System-Wired for Action......Page 97
Neurons-Building a Biocomputer......Page 99
Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis-Nervous System, Heal Thyself......Page 105
Module 7: Summary......Page 107
Module 7: Knowledge Builder......Page 108
Mapping Brain Structure-Pieces of the Puzzle......Page 109
Mapping Brain Function-What Do the Parts Do?......Page 110
Module 8: Knowledge Builder......Page 114
The Cerebral Cortex-My, What a Wrinkled Brain You Have!......Page 115
Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex-Hey, You, Four Lobes!......Page 118
Module 9: Knowledge Builder......Page 123
The Subcortex-At the Core of the (Brain) Matter......Page 124
The Endocrine System-My Hormones Made Me Do It......Page 127
Module 10: Knowledge Builder......Page 130
Handedness-Are You Sinister or Dexterous?......Page 131
Module 11: Summary......Page 133
Module 11: Knowledge Builder......Page 134
Nature and Nurture-It Takes Two to Tango......Page 135
Module 12: Summary......Page 144
Module 12: Knowledge Builder......Page 145
Language Development-Who Talks Baby Talk?......Page 146
Social Development-Baby, I'm Stuck on You......Page 149
Parental Influences-Life with Mom and Dad......Page 152
Module 13: Summary......Page 155
Module 13: Knowledge Builder......Page 156
Cognitive Development-Think like a Child......Page 157
Moral Development-Growing a Conscience......Page 164
Module 14: Knowledge Builder......Page 166
The Story of a Lifetime-Rocky Road or Garden Path?......Page 167
Adolescence and Young Adulthood-The Best of Times, the Worst of Times......Page 170
Middle and Late Adulthood: You're an Adult Now!......Page 171
Death and Dying-The Final Challenge......Page 174
Module 15: Summary......Page 175
Module 15: Knowledge Builder......Page 176
Subjective Well-Being-Here's to a Happy Life......Page 177
Module 16: Summary......Page 179
Module 16: Knowledge Builder......Page 180
Sensory Systems-The First Step......Page 181
Selective Attention-Tuning In and Tuning Out......Page 184
Module 17: Knowledge Builder......Page 186
Vision-Catching Some Rays......Page 187
Module 18: Summary......Page 193
Module 18: Knowledge Builder......Page 194
Hearing-Good Vibrations......Page 195
Smell and Taste-The Nose Knows When the Tongue Can't Tell......Page 199
The Somesthetic Senses-Flying by the Seat of Your Pants......Page 201
Module 19: Summary......Page 205
Module 19: Knowledge Builder......Page 206
Perception-The Second Step......Page 207
Depth Perception-What If the World Were Flat?......Page 214
Module 20: Summary......Page 219
Module 20: Knowledge Builder......Page 220
Perceptual Learning-Believing is Seeing......Page 221
Becoming a Better Eyewitness to Life-Pay Attention!......Page 224
Module 21: Summary......Page 227
Module 21: Knowledge Builder......Page 228
Extrasensory Perception-Do You Believe in Ghosts?......Page 229
Module 22: Knowledge Builder......Page 232
States of Consciousness-The Many Faces of Awareness......Page 233
Hypnosis-Look into My Eyes......Page 235
Meditation and Mindfulness-Chilling, the Healthy Way......Page 238
Module 23: Summary......Page 240
Module 23: Knowledge Builder......Page 241
Sleep-Catching a Few ZZZs......Page 242
Stages of Sleep-The Nightly Roller Coaster......Page 244
Sleep Disorders and Disturbances-The Sleepy-Time Blues......Page 247
Dreams-A Separate Reality?......Page 251
Module 24: Summary......Page 254
Module 24: Knowledge Builder......Page 255
Drug-Altered Consciousness-The High and Low of It......Page 256
Uppers-Amphetamines, Cocaine, MDMA, Caffeine, Nicotine......Page 259
Downers-Narcotics, Sedatives, Tranquillizers, and Alcohol......Page 265
Hallucinogens-Tripping the Light Fantastic......Page 269
Module 25: Knowledge Builder......Page 271
Exploring Your "Dreamworks"......Page 272
Module 26: Knowledge Builder......Page 275
Learning-One Way or Another......Page 276
Associative Learning-About Dogs, Rats, and Humans......Page 277
Cognitive Learning-Beyond Conditioning......Page 279
Observational Learning-Do as I Do, Not as I Say......Page 282
Module 27: Summary......Page 285
Module 27: Knowledge Builder......Page 286
Classical Conditioning-Does the Name Pavlov Ring a Bell?......Page 287
Classical Conditioning in Humans-An Emotional Topic......Page 291
Module 28: Summary......Page 293
Module 28: Knowledge Builder......Page 294
Operant Conditioning-Ping-Pong Playing Pigeons?......Page 295
Stimulus Control-Red Light, Green Light......Page 300
Module 29: Summary......Page 302
Module 29: Knowledge Builder......Page 303
Types of Operant Reinforcement-What's Your Pleasure?......Page 304
Partial Reinforcement-Las Vegas, a Human Skinner Box?......Page 306
Consequences of Punishment-Putting the Brakes on Behaviour......Page 309
Module 30: Knowledge Builder......Page 313
Self-Management-A Rewarding Project......Page 314
Module 31: Summary......Page 316
Module 31: Knowledge Builder......Page 317
Stages of Memory-Do You Have a Mind like a Steel Trap? Or a Sieve?......Page 318
Short-Term Memory-Do You Know the Magic Number?......Page 320
Long-Term Memory-A Blast from the Past......Page 322
Module 32: Summary......Page 329
Module 32: Knowledge Builder......Page 330
Measuring Memory-The Answer is on the Tip of My Tongue......Page 331
Module 33: Knowledge Builder......Page 334
Forgetting-Why We, Uh, Let's See ... Why We, Uh ... Forget!......Page 335
Memory and the Brain-Some "Shocking" Findings......Page 341
Module 34: Summary......Page 345
Module 34: Knowledge Builder......Page 346
Exceptional Memory-Wizards of Recall......Page 347
Improving Memory-Keys to the Memory Bank......Page 349
Module 35: Knowledge Builder......Page 352
Mnemonics-Tricks of the (Memory) Trade......Page 353
Module 36: Knowledge Builder......Page 356
What is Thinking?-Brains over Brawn......Page 357
Mental Imagery-Does a Frog Have Lips?......Page 358
Concepts-I'm Positive, It's a Whatchamacallit......Page 360
Language-Don't Leave Home without It......Page 362
Module 37: Knowledge Builder......Page 367
Human Intelligence-The IQ and You......Page 368
Variations in Intelligence-Curved like a Bell......Page 372
Module 38: Summary......Page 381
Module 38: Knowledge Builder......Page 382
Opposing Systems......Page 383
The Error of Our Ways......Page 385
Module 39: Summary......Page 386
Module 39: Knowledge Builder......Page 387
Problem Solving-Go Figure......Page 388
Module 40: Knowledge Builder......Page 393
Creative Thinking-Down Roads Less Travelled......Page 394
Enhancing Creativity-Get out of the Box......Page 397
Module 41: Knowledge Builder......Page 400
Motivation-Forces That Push and Pull......Page 401
Types of Motives......Page 402
Motives in Perspective-A View from the Pyramid......Page 404
Inside an Emotion-Caught in That Feeling?......Page 407
Module 42: Knowledge Builder......Page 410
Biological Motives: Hunger-Pardon Me, My Hypothalamus is Growling......Page 411
Other Biological Motives: Thirst, Pain, and Sex......Page 418
Stimulus Motives-Monkey Business......Page 420
Learned Motives-The Pursuit of Excellence......Page 422
Module 43: Summary......Page 424
Module 43: Knowledge Builder......Page 425
Emotional Experience-Tell Me How You Feel......Page 426
Emotional Behaviour-Express Yourself......Page 427
Emotion and Physiology-Arousal and Lying......Page 430
Theories of Emotion-Several Ways to Fear a Bear......Page 434
Module 44: Summary......Page 437
Module 44: Knowledge Builder......Page 438
Emotional Intelligence-The Fine Art of Self-Control......Page 439
Module 45: Knowledge Builder......Page 441
Sexual Development-Circle One: XX or XY?......Page 442
Sexual Orientation-Who Do You Love?......Page 444
Module 46: Knowledge Builder......Page 448
Gender Development-It Begins Early......Page 449
Androgyny-A Bit of Both......Page 454
When Sex and Gender Do not Match-The Binary Busters......Page 455
Module 47: Summary......Page 456
Module 47: Knowledge Builder......Page 457
Sexual Behaviour-Mapping the Erogenous Zones......Page 458
Human Sexual Response-Sexual Interactions......Page 462
Contemporary Attitudes and Sexual Behaviour-For Better or Worse......Page 465
Atypical Sexual Behaviour-Trench Coats, Whips, Leather, and Lace......Page 468
STDs and Safer Sex-Choice, Risk, and Responsibility......Page 470
Module 48: Summary......Page 474
Module 48: Knowledge Builder......Page 475
Sexually Satisfying Relationships-Keeping It Hot......Page 476
Sexual Dysfunctions-When Intimacy Fails......Page 478
Module 49: Summary......Page 482
Module 49: Knowledge Builder......Page 483
The Psychology of Personality-Do You Have Personality?......Page 484
Personality Assessment-Psychological Yardsticks......Page 488
Module 50: Knowledge Builder......Page 495
The Trait Approach-Describe Yourself in 18,000 Words or Less......Page 496
Module 51: Summary......Page 502
Module 51: Knowledge Builder......Page 503
Psychoanalytic Theory-Id Came to Me in a Dream......Page 504
Humanistic Theory-Peak Experiences and Personal Growth......Page 509
Module 52: Summary......Page 513
Module 52: Knowledge Builder......Page 514
Learning Theories of Personality-Habit I Seen You Before?......Page 515
Traits and Situations-The Great Debate......Page 519
Module 53: Summary......Page 522
Module 53: Knowledge Builder......Page 523
Understanding Shyness-Barriers and Bridges......Page 524
Module 54: Knowledge Builder......Page 527
Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health......Page 528
Module 55: Summary......Page 535
Module 55: Knowledge Builder......Page 536
Stress-Threat or Thrill?......Page 537
Types of Stressors......Page 540
Module 56: Summary......Page 548
Module 56: Knowledge Builder......Page 549
Coping Styles-Making the Best of It......Page 550
Psychological Defence-Mental Karate?......Page 551
Learned Helplessness and Depression-Is There Hope?......Page 554
Module 57: Summary......Page 557
Module 57: Knowledge Builder......Page 558
Stress and Health-Unmasking a Hidden Killer......Page 559
Module 58: Knowledge Builder......Page 564
Health Psychology-Here's to Your Good Health......Page 565
Module 59: Knowledge Builder......Page 569
Normality-What's Normal?......Page 570
Classifying Mental Disorders-Problems by the Book......Page 573
Disorders in Perspective-Psychiatric Labelling......Page 579
Module 60: Summary......Page 580
Module 60: Knowledge Builder......Page 581
Psychotic Disorders-Loss of Contact......Page 582
Delusional Disorders-An Enemy behind Every Tree......Page 584
Schizophrenia-Shattered Reality......Page 585
Module 61: Summary......Page 591
Module 61: Knowledge Builder......Page 592
Mood Disorders-Peaks and Valleys......Page 593
Module 62: Summary......Page 596
Module 62: Knowledge Builder......Page 597
Anxiety-Related Disorders-When Anxiety Rules......Page 598
Anxiety and Disorder-Four Pathways to Trouble......Page 604
Module 63: Summary......Page 609
Module 63: Knowledge Builder......Page 610
Suicide-A Permanent Solution?......Page 611
Factors Affecting Suicide Rates......Page 612
Module 64: Knowledge Builder......Page 615
Origins of Therapy-Bored out of Your Skull......Page 616
Dimensions of Therapy-The Many Paths to Health......Page 618
Module 65: Summary......Page 624
Module 65: Knowledge Builder......Page 625
Psychodynamic Therapies-The Talking Cure......Page 626
Humanistic/Experiential Therapies-Liberating Human Potential......Page 627
Module 66: Knowledge Builder......Page 630
Therapies Based on Classical Conditioning-Healing by Learning......Page 631
Operant Therapies-All the World is a Skinner Box?......Page 635
Cognitive Therapy-Think Positive!......Page 637
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: Managing Thoughts and Actions Together......Page 639
Module 67: Summary......Page 640
Module 67: Knowledge Builder......Page 641
Medical Therapies-Psychiatric Care......Page 642
Module 68: Knowledge Builder......Page 647
Self-Management-Boosting Your "Willpower"......Page 648
Basic Counselling Skills-Friends in Need......Page 651
Module 69: Knowledge Builder......Page 655
Characteristics of Groups-The Ties That Bind......Page 656
Individuals in a Social Context-Mind Your Manners......Page 658
Social Cognition: I'm Thinking about You......Page 659
Attitudes-Got Attitude?......Page 661
Attitude Change-Change Your Mind!......Page 663
Module 70: Summary......Page 665
Module 70: Knowledge Builder......Page 666
Social Influence-Follow the Leader......Page 667
Assertiveness-Stand Up for Your Rights......Page 675
Module 71: Summary......Page 676
Module 71: Knowledge Builder......Page 677
Affiliation and Attraction-Come Together......Page 678
Liking and Loving-The Love Triangle......Page 680
Module 72: Knowledge Builder......Page 686
Aggression-The World's Most Dangerous Animal......Page 687
Prejudice-Attitudes That Injure......Page 691
Module 73: Summary......Page 696
Module 73: Knowledge Builder......Page 697
Multiculturalism-Living with Diversity......Page 698
Module 74: Summary......Page 700
Module 74: Knowledge Builder......Page 701
Industrial/Organizational Psychology-Psychology at Work......Page 702
Module 75: Summary......Page 711
Module 75: Knowledge Builder......Page 712
Environmental Influences-People, People Everywhere......Page 713
Human Influences on the Natural Environment-Sustaining Spaceship Earth......Page 717
Module 76: Knowledge Builder......Page 723
Psychology and Law-Judging Juries......Page 724
Educational Psychology-An Instructive Topic......Page 726
Module 77: Knowledge Builder......Page 732
Human Factors Psychology-Who's the Boss Here?......Page 733
Module 78: Summary......Page 738
Module 78: Knowledge Builder......Page 739
Descriptive Statistics-Psychology by the Numbers......Page 740
Measures of Central Tendency......Page 742
Measures of Variability......Page 743
Correlation-Rating Relationships......Page 745
Inferential Statistics-Significant Numbers......Page 748
Module 79: Summary......Page 750
Module 79: Knowledge Builder......Page 751
References......Page 753
Name Index......Page 811
Subject Index/Glossary......Page 823

✦ Subjects

Psychologie;Psychology;Manuels d'enseignement supérieur;Textbooks;Psychology -- Textbooks;Psychologie -- Manuels d'enseignement supérieur