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Prospective evaluation of trans-fatty acid intake and colorectal cancer risk in the Iowa Women's Health Study

✍ Scribed by Paul J. Limburg; Wen Liu-Mares; Robert A. Vierkant; Alice H. Wang; Lisa Harnack; Andrew P. Flood; Thomas A. Sellers; James R. Cerhan

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2008
Tongue
French
Weight
70 KB
Volume
123
Category
Article
ISSN
0020-7136

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Concerns regarding the safety of dietary trans‐fatty acids (__t__FAs) have generated recent public interest, scientific discussion and legislative action. Although most widely recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, associations between __t__FA intake and incident cancer have also been proposed. With respect to colorectal cancer (CRC), existing observational data remain limited and inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a prospective evaluation of __t__FA intake and CRC risk, overall and by anatomic subsite, among participants in the Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS), a population‐based cohort of older women (ages 55–69 years at enrollment). Exposure data were collected at baseline using a semiquantitative food‐frequency questionnaire. Incident CRC cases were identified through annual linkage to the Iowa Cancer Registry. CRC risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. In total, 35,216 women met our inclusion criteria and 1,229 CRC cases (631 proximal, 571 distal, 27 site not specified) were observed through 18 years of follow‐up. Adjusting for age and total energy consumption, __t__FA intake in the 4th versus 1st quartile was not significantly associated with overall CRC risk [relative risk (RR) = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.96–1.32]. Similarly, risk estimates based on proximal (RR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.87–1.37) and distal (RR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.93–1.49) CRC subsites did not differ from unity. Multivariable adjustment yielded slightly attenuated risk estimates, but the observed associations were not meaningfully altered. Given these findings, __t__FA intake does not appear to be a major CRC risk factor, at least among older women. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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