Prophylactic transdermal treatment with physostigmine and scopolamine against soman intoxication in guinea-pigs
✍ Scribed by Yacov Meshulam; Rachel Davidovici; Ada Wengier; Aharon Levy
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1995
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 353 KB
- Volume
- 15
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0260-437X
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
This study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of transdermally administered physostigmine (PHY) against soman exposure using guinea-pigs. Transdermal PHY pad (3 cm2 kg-'; 60 p g cm-2), containing a vehicle based on propionic acid, was applied onto the dorsal back of the animals, 24 h before exposure to the organophosphate. At the time of exposure, PHY concentrations in brain and plasma were ca. 3.6 ng g-* and 4.1 ng ml-.', respectively. Brain and whole blood cholinesterase (ChE) activity was inhibited to 70% and 47% of the original activity, respectively. Transdermal PHY by itself protected up to 70% of the animals exposed to 1.5 L D ~O of soman (100% mortality was recorded in the control group). Combining transdermal PHY with Scopoderm provided full protection against 1.5 LD50 of soman (protection of 70% against 3 ~~5 0 ) . When the prophylactic treatment was combined with post-exposure therapy (atropine, 10 mg kg-'; toxogonin, 10 mg kg-I) 1 min after 5 LD50 of soman, protection of 90% of the animals was achieved.