## Abstract Elemental microanalysis of biological material in the frozen‐hydrated state using in‐vacuum proton induced X‐ray emission is described for the first time. For this purpose, a commercially available cryotransfer system was modified and coupled to the experimental chamber of the nuclear m
Progress in quantitative X-ray microanalysis of frozen-hydrated bulk biological samples
✍ Scribed by Marshall, A. T.
- Publisher
- Wiley (John Wiley & Sons)
- Year
- 1988
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 656 KB
- Volume
- 9
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0741-0581
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✦ Synopsis
The analysis of bulk frozen-hydrated biological samples has developed now to a level where practical application of the technique is possible. Provided the sample is carefully coated with a conductive metal, the development of a space charge capable of causing a significant distortion of the electron diffusion volume does not seem to occur, and analytical resolution can be conveniently held to approximately 2 pm (both depth and lateral resolution). Two valid quantitative methods are available, and two methods of determining dry weight fractions are also available. An area where further research could lead to improvement in analysis of frozen-hydrated bulk samples is in the investigation of fracturing methods. If fracture planes that were flat and reproducible could be easily obtained, some of the difficulties of analysing frozen-hydrated bulk samples would be considerably reduced.
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