Prognostic value and expression of p21(waf1/cip1) protein in prostate cancer

✍ Scribed by Aaltomaa, S.; Lipponen, P.; Eskelinen, M.; Ala-Opas, M.; Kosma, V.M.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1999
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 206 KB
• Volume: 39
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0270-4137
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990401)39:1<8::aid-pros2>3.0.co;2-n

✦ Synopsis

BACKGROUND. p21(waf1/cip1) protein is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor able to arrest the cell cycle at the G1 phase by inhibiting DNA replication. The expression of p21(waf1/cip1) and its prognostic value in prostate cancer are largely unexplored. METHODS. We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of p21(waf1/cip1) in 213 prostate cancer cases, and the results were related to other known prognostic factors and patient survival during a long-term follow-up. RESULTS. The expression of p21 (waf1/cip1) protein was significantly associated with high Gleason score (P = 0.001), DNA aneuploidy (P = 0.013), high S-phase fraction (P = 0.019), and expression of Ki-67 (P = 0.021) and bcl-2 (P = 0.001) as well as cyclin A (P = 0.035) and D proteins (P < 0.001). In univariate survival analysis the signal of p21(waf1/cip1) was significantly related to unfavorable prognosis (P = 0.010) both in the entire cohort and in local tumors (P = 0.034). In multivariate analysis, M-category, clinical T-category, Gleason score, and patient age were independent prognostic factors. In local tumors the expression of p21(waf1/cip1) together with clinical T-category and S-phase fraction were significant independent predictors of cancer related survival. CONCLUSIONS. The results suggest that the expression of p21(waf1/cip1) protein is associated both with cell proliferation and patient survival in prostate cancer.