β Scribed by Michele Solfrizzo; Richard N. Strange; Cinzia Sabia; Angelo Visconti
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
Five of 11 isolates of Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. from oilseed rape produced the phytotoxin stemphol when cultured on rice, with yields varying from 15.0 to 98.4 mg/kg, and three of them also produced the toxin on Czapek Dox (CD) liquid medium supplemented with cations (0.12β0.31 mg/L) and potatoβdextrose (PD) broth (0.37β1.47 mg/L). In liquid cultures about 95% of stemphol was found in the mycelium, and toxin production was slightly increased when cultures were exposed to near UV light rather than being grown in the dark. The LD~50~ concentrations for stemphol against isolated cells of oilseed rape and chickpea were 8.4 and 7.0 ΞΌM, respectively. One isolate of S. msjusculum (strain no. 135459) produced much greater amounts of stemphol, i.e., 22.8 mg/L, 535.3 mg/L, and 548 mg/kg when grown on CD, PD, and rice, respectively. Leaves of oilseed rape, artificially infected with S. majusculum and bearing lesions that occupied an average of 70% of the lamina contained 0.9 ΞΌg stemphol per gram dry weight of leaf tissue. Β© 1994 WileyβLiss, Inc.
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