Probabilities and Materials: Tests, Models and Applications

✍ Scribed by Maurice Lemaire (auth.), D. Breysse (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer Netherlands
• Year: 1994
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 535
• Series: NATO ASI Series 269
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Most industrial and natural materials exhibit a macroscopic behaviour which results from the existence of microscale inhomogeneities. The influence of such inhomogeneities is commonly modelled using probabilistic methods. Most of the approaches to the evaluation of the safety of structures according to probabilistic criteria are somewhat scattered, however, and it is time to present such material in a coherent and up-to-date form. Probabilities and Materials undertakes this task, and also defines the great tasks that must be tackled in coming years.
For engineers and researchers dealing with materials, geotechnics, solid mechanics, soil mechanics, statistics and stochastic processes. The expository nature of the book means that no prior knowledge of statistics or probability is required of the reader. The book can thus serve as an excellent introduction to the nature of applied statistics and stochastic modelling.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-x
Introduction to the Workshop ProbaMat....Pages 1-8
Probability and Materials: Data Subjective and Objective Modeling....Pages 9-16
Introductory Remarks to Session 2: Tools....Pages 17-22
Models: Micro-Macro....Pages 23-28
Failure and Probabilities at Various Scales....Pages 29-38
Probabilistic and Stochastic Models....Pages 39-43
Numerical Simulation and Practical Aspects of Material Modeling — An Introduction....Pages 45-50
Application of Probabilistic Approaches In Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology....Pages 51-68
The Variability of Geotechnical Parameters....Pages 69-80
Small Scale Variability in Clay Samples....Pages 81-94
Classification Logic and Correlation between Soils Parameters: Application to an Elasto-Plastic Law....Pages 95-108
Variability of the Mechanical Properties of Wood: Randomness and Determinism....Pages 109-118
Stochastic Modeling of Lumber Properties....Pages 119-129
Experimental Study on the Scale Effect on Concrete in Tension....Pages 131-139
Fractals, Renormalization Group Theory and Scaling Laws for Strength and Toughness of Disordered Materials....Pages 141-150
Size Effect and Stochastic Nonlocal Damage in Quasi-Brittle Materials....Pages 151-161
Role of Disorder in Brittle Fracture....Pages 163-175
Blocking Problems in the Analysis of Random Fields....Pages 177-195
Experimental Designs for an Experimental Modelling of Material or Structural Tests....Pages 197-208
Report on the First Round Table Session: Tools....Pages 209-212
Morphological Random Media for Micromechanics....Pages 213-224
Effective Elastic Properties of Solids with Randomly Located Defects....Pages 225-240
Experimental Characterization, Micromechanical Simulation and Spatio-Stochastic Approach of Concrete Behaviours Below the Representative Volume....Pages 241-260
Micromechanical Model for Randomly Packed Granules....Pages 261-271
A Voronoi Cell Finite Element Model for Random Heterogeneous Media....Pages 273-284
Random Stress Fields within Granular Media....Pages 285-291
Statistical Modeling for the Flow of Short Fibers Composites....Pages 293-303
Modeling Granular Fabric by Tensors and their Statistical Test....Pages 305-319
Statistical Fracture Mechanics — Basic Concepts and Numerical Realization....Pages 321-338
A Stochastic Model for Controlled Discontinuous Crack Growth in Brittle Materials....Pages 339-360
Crack Pattern Related Universal Constants....Pages 361-375
Crack Growth Simulations in Concrete and Rock....Pages 377-388
Report on the Second Round Table Session: Models for Fracture....Pages 389-401
Probabilistic Models and Image Analysis: Tools to Describe Liquid Phase Sintered Materials....Pages 403-414
Probabilistic Failure Predictions in Brittle Material Under Multiaxial Loading....Pages 415-426
Volume and Stress Heterogeneity Effects in Ceramics and Fiber-Reinforced Ceramics....Pages 427-438
Applicability of a Weibullian Model of Fracture by Application of a Slowly Gradual Load....Pages 439-449
A Stochastic Model to Describe Probabilistic Aspects of Damage Accumulation in Concrete....Pages 451-460
Stochastic Field Theory in Materials Engineering....Pages 461-489
Stochastic Approaches for Damage Evolution in Quasi-Brittle Materials....Pages 491-503
How to Manage the Spatial Variability of Natural Soils....Pages 505-516
Statistical Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Masonry Walls by Computational Models....Pages 517-528
A Report on Round Table 3: Applications....Pages 529-534
Back Matter....Pages 535-538

✦ Subjects

Characterization and Evaluation of Materials;Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes;Mechanics;Geotechnical Engineering &Applied Earth Sciences