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Preformulation and pharmacokinetic studies on antalarmin: A novel stress inhibitor

✍ Scribed by Ritesh Sanghvi; Erik Mogalian; Stephen G. Machatha; Ryuichi Narazaki; Kelly L. Karlage; Parijat Jain; S. Esmail Tabibi; Elizabeth Glaze; Paul B. Myrdal; Samuel H. Yalkowsky


Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2009
Tongue
English
Weight
149 KB
Volume
98
Category
Article
ISSN
0022-3549

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✦ Synopsis


The preformulation, solubilization and pharmacokinetic evaluation of antalarmin, a stress inhibitor, have been conducted. Antalarmin has a poor water solubility of less than 1 mg/mL and is weakly basic with an experimentally determined pK a of 5.0. Multiple solubilization approaches including pH-control either alone or in combination with cosolvents, surfactants and complexing agents have been investigated. The applicability of lipid-based systems has also been explored. Four formulations, each with a targeted drug loading capacity of 100 mg/mL, show potential for oral administration. Three of these formulations are aqueous solutions (10% ethanol þ 40% propylene glycol; 20% cremophor EL; 20% sulfobutylether-b-cyclodextrin) each buffered at pH 1. The fourth formulation is a lipid-based formulation comprising of 20% oleic acid, 40% cremophor EL and 40% Labrasol. No precipitation was observed following dilution of the four formulations with water and enzyme free simulated gastric fluid. However, only the lipid-based formulation successfully resisted drug precipitation following dilution with enzyme free simulated intestinal fluid. Pharmacokinetic analysis conducted in rats revealed that the 20% cremophor EL solution formulation has a fivefold higher oral bioavailability compared to a suspension formulation. The lipid-based formulation resulted in over 12-fold higher bioavailability as compared to the suspension formulation, the highest amongst the formulations examined.


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