Practical Cloud-Native Java Development with MicroProfile: Develop and deploy scalable, resilient, and reactive cloud-native applications using MicroProfile 4.1

✍ Scribed by Emily Jiang, Andrew McCright, John Alcorn, David Chan, Alasdair Nottingham

• Publisher: Packt Publishing
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 405
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Written by leading MicroProfile experts, this book provides you with best practices for building enterprise-grade cloud-native applications using MicroProfile 4.1 and running them on Open Liberty with Docker, Kubernetes, and Istio

Key Features

• Apply your knowledge of MicroProfile APIs to develop cloud-native applications
• Use MicroProfile Health to provide the startup, liveness, and readiness status of your enterprise application
• Build an end-to-end stock trader project and containerize it to deploy to the cloud with Istio interaction

Book Description

In this cloud-native era, most applications are deployed in a cloud environment that is public, private, or a combination of both. To ensure that your application performs well in the cloud, you need to build an application that is cloud native. MicroProfile is one of the most popular frameworks for building cloud-native applications, and fits well with Kubernetes. As an open standard technology, MicroProfile helps improve application portability across all of MicroProfile's implementations.

Practical Cloud-Native Java Development with MicroProfile is a comprehensive guide that helps you explore the advanced features and use cases of a variety of Jakarta and MicroProfile specifications. You'll start by learning how to develop a real-world stock trader application, and then move on to enhancing the application and adding day-2 operation considerations. You'll gradually advance to packaging and deploying the application. The book demonstrates the complete process of development through to deployment and concludes by showing you how to monitor the application's performance in the cloud.

By the end of this book, you will master MicroProfile's latest features and be able to build fast and efficient cloud-native applications.

What you will learn

• Understand best practices for applying the 12-Factor methodology while building cloud-native applications
• Create client-server architecture using MicroProfile Rest Client and JAX-RS
• Configure your cloud-native application using MicroProfile Config
• Secure your cloud-native application with MicroProfile JWT
• Become well-versed with running your cloud-native applications in Open Liberty
• Grasp MicroProfile Open Tracing and learn how to use Jaeger to view trace spans
• Deploy Docker containers to Kubernetes and understand how to use ConfigMap and Secrets from Kubernetes

Who this book is for

This book is for Java application developers and architects looking to build efficient applications using an open standard framework that performs well in the cloud. DevOps engineers who want to understand how cloud-native applications work will also find this book useful. A basic understanding of Java, Docker, Kubernetes, and cloud is needed to get the most out of this book.

Table of Contents

1. What is Cloud-Native Application
2. How does MicroProfile fit in?
3. Introduce the stock trader cloud-native application
4. Building Cloud-Native Applications
5. Enhancing Cloud-Native Applications
6. Observing and Monitoring the Cloud-Native Applications
7. MicroProfile Ecosystem with Docker, Kubernetes and Istio
8. Step by Step Stock Trader Development
9. Deployment and Day 2 operations
10. Reactive Cloud-Native Applications
11. MicroProfile GraphQL
12. MicroProfile Future

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Title
Copyright and Credits
Foreword
Table of Contents
Section 1: Cloud-Native Applications
Chapter 1: Cloud-Native Applications
What is a cloud-native application?
Introducing distributed computing
Exploring cloud-native application architectures
Microservices
Monoliths
Macroservices
Function as a Service
Event sourcing
Cloud-native development best practices
Twelve-Factor App
Other best practices
Summary
Chapter 2: How Does MicroProfile Fit into Cloud-Native Application Development?
MicroProfile overview
History of MicroProfile
Characteristics of MicroProfile
MicroProfile specifications
Platform release
Standalone releases
MicroProfile Starter
Accessing MicroProfile Starter via the web
Accessing MicroProfile Starter via the command line
Accessing MicroProfile Starter via an IDE plugin
IntelliJ IDEA plugin
Summary
Chapter 3: Introducing the IBM Stock Trader Cloud-Native Application
Overview of the IBM Stock Trader application
UIs
Architectural diagram
Mandatory microservices and external services
Trader
Broker
Portfolio
Stock Quote
Optional microservices and external services
Tradr
Account
Trade History
Messaging
Notifications
Collector
Looper
Summary
Section 2: MicroProfile 4.1 Deep Dive
Chapter 4: Developing Cloud-Native Applications
Technical requirements
Developing a RESTful service with JAX-RS
Hello World!
A more real-world example
Entity providers and ParamConverter
Intercepting requests and responses
Dynamic providers
Async
Context injection
Managing the payload with JSON-P and JSON-B
JSON-P
JSON-B
Consuming RESTful services with the MicroProfile Rest Client
JAX-RS Client APIs
MicroProfile Rest Client
Client-side providers
Async
Propagating HTTP headers from server to client
Managing life cycle and DI with CDI
Scopes
Injection
Summary
Chapter 5: Enhancing Cloud-Native Applications
Configuring cloud-native applications using MicroProfile Config
Storing configuration
Removing properties
Converters
Config lookup
Building a Config instance yourself
Making the MicroProfile Config API available
Making a cloud application resilient using MicroProfile Fault tolerance
@Asynchronous
@Retry
@Timeout
@CircuitBreaker
The Bulkhead pattern
Fallback
Using Fault Tolerance annotations together
Fault Tolerance configuration
Making the MicroProfile Fault Tolerance API available
Documenting cloud native applications using MicroProfile OpenAPI
Applying MicroProfile OpenAPI annotations on JAX-RS operations
Using a programming model to generate documentation
Using pre-generated OpenAPI documents
Applying filters to the OpenAPI document
MicroProfile OpenAPI configuration
Viewing an OpenAPI document
Making MicroProfile OpenAPI APIs available
Securing cloud-native applications using MicroProfile JWT
JWT format
How does MicroProfile JWT work?
Where to find the public key and private key
How to make MicroProfile JWT available to applications?
Summary
Chapter 6: Observing and Monitoring Cloud-Native Applications
Technical requirements
Determining the health of your cloud-native application using MicroProfile Health
The importance of MicroProfile Health in a cloud-native application
MicroProfile Health technology overview
Instrumenting health check procedures
Retrieving health check data
MicroProfile health checks with Kubernetes' liveness, readiness, and startup probes
Instrumenting metrics on your cloud-native application using MicroProfile Metrics
The importance of MicroProfile Metrics in a cloud-native application
MicroProfile Metrics technology overview
The seven metric types
The metric model
Instrumenting metrics
Visualizing metric data with Prometheus and Grafana
Tracing your cloud-native application using MicroProfile OpenTracing
The importance of and an overview of MicroProfile OpenTracing in a cloud-native application
Auto-instrumenting JAX-RS requests
Instrumenting the @Traced annotation and injecting a tracer
Visualizing traces with Jaeger
Summary
Cgapter 7: MicroProfile Ecosystem with Open Liberty, Docker, and Kubernetes
Technical requirements
Deploying cloud-native applications to Open Liberty
Containerizing cloud-native applications using Docker
The container image
Deploying cloud-native applications to Kubernetes
MicroProfile Health in Kubernetes
MicroProfile Config in Kubernetes
MicroProfile and Service Mesh
Summary
Section 3: End-to-End Project Using MicroProfile
Chapter 8: Building and Testing Your Cloud-Native Application
Technical requirements
Compiling the Stock Trader microservices
GitHub
Maven
Building the Stock Trader container images
Open Liberty
Docker
Testing the Stock Trader microservices
Testing the frontend microservice
Testing a backend microservice
Using MicroProfile features in Stock Trader
Implicit usage of MicroProfile features
Summary
Chapter 9: Deployment and Day 2 Operations
Technical requirements
Understanding the role of operators
Installing the operator via the OpenShift console
OperatorHub
Installing the operator
Deploying the application via the operator form UI
Deploying the application via the CLI
Understanding day 2 operations
Scaling a microservice
Upgrading a microservice
Performing problem determination
Summary
Section 4: MicroProfile Standalone Specifications and the Future
Chapter 10: Reactive Cloud-Native Applications
Differentiating between imperative and reactive applications
Using MicroProfile Context Propagation to manage context
Using ManagedExecutor to propagate context
Using ThreadContext to propagate context
Using MicroProfile Reactive Messaging to build a reactive application
Message
Message acknowledgment
Channel
Message consumption using @Incoming
Message production using @Outgoing
Message processing using both @Incoming and @Outgoing
Using Emitter to publish messages
Using a connector to bridge to an external messaging technology
Summary
Chapter 11: MicroProfile GraphQL
Technical requirements
Understanding GraphQL basics and when to use it
Building services with MP GraphQL
Developing queries
Developing mutations
Writing entities
Outsourcing
Sending partial results using GraphQLException
Consuming GraphQL services with client APIs
Dynamic client
Type-safe client
Summary
Chapter 12: MicroProfile LRA and the Future of MicroProfile
Cloud-native application transactions
Using MicroProfile LRA for cloud-native application transactions
Making MicroProfile LRA available
Using the latest MicroProfile platform release
MicroProfile's technical roadmap
Adopting OpenTelemetry in MicroProfile
What is the future of MicroProfile Metrics?
Adopting gPRC
MicroProfile and Jakarta EE alignment
Aligning MicroProfile 5.0 with Jakarta EE 9.1
Summary
Index