Population genetics of apolipoproteins A-IV, E, and H, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE): Associations with lipids, and apolipoprotein levels in American Samoans
✍ Scribed by Douglas E. Crews; Lori J. Fitton; Bruce A. Kottke; M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2004
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 87 KB
- Volume
- 124
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0002-9483
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Distributions of alleles at three apolipoprotein loci (APO E, APO H, and APO A‐IV) and an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism at the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) locus among 274 American Samoans are described here. Genotypes at each locus are examined for associations with quantitative lipid (total cholesterol (total‐c), LDL‐cholesterol (LDL‐c), HDL‐cholesterol (HDL‐c), and triglycerides) and apolipoprotein (APO AI, APO AII, APO E, and APO B) levels. Genotype frequencies at all four loci are in Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. The most common APO A‐IV genotype (1‐1) was observed in 252 American Samoans (97%). The three most common APO E genotypes were 3‐3 (47%), 3‐4 (30%), and 2‐3 (12%). The most frequent APO H genotype was 2‐2 (86%). The most common ACE genotype (I/I) was observed in 75% of sampled individuals, and 23% were I/D heterozygotes. APO E genotypic variation was associated with total‐c, HDL‐c, LDL‐c, and all four quantitative apolipoproteins (AI, AII, E, and B). APO A‐IV genotypes were associated significantly with total cholesterol, LDL‐c, and APO‐B levels. APO H showed little association with any quantitative lipid or apolipoprotein. ACE D/D homozygotes had higher AII levels. ACE showed a consistent association with APO AII levels, with either APO A‐IV or APO E as a covariate. The interaction term between ACE and APO E was also significantly associated with total‐c and APO E levels, and the ACE genotype showed a significant main effect on APO AI levels in multivariate analyses. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.