Polyhydroxylated fullerene derivative C60(OH)24 prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in an MPP+-induced cellular model of Parkinson's disease
✍ Scribed by Xiaoqing Cai; Haiqun Jia; Zhongbo Liu; Bei Hou; Cheng Luo; Zhihui Feng; Wenxin Li; Jiankang Liu
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2008
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 799 KB
- Volume
- 86
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0360-4012
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Abstract
To find effective agents for Parkinson's disease (PD) prevention and therapy, we examined the protective effects of the polyhydroxylated fullerene derivative C~60~(OH)~24~ in a 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP^+^)‐induced acute cellular PD model in human neuroblastoma cells and the free radical scavenging effects in this model with an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. Pretreatment with C~60~(OH)~24~ at concentrations greater than 20 μM showed significant protective effects on MPP^+^‐induced loss in cell viability, decreases in mitochondrial function (including mitochondrial membrane potential and activities of complex I and II), and increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage to DNA and proteins. In addition, C~60~(OH)~24~ acts as a phase 2 enzyme inducer to protect cells from MPP^+^‐induced decreases in expression of nuclear factor‐E2‐related factor 2, expression and activity of γ‐glutamyl cysteine ligase and level of glutathione. The ESR study showed that C~60~(OH)~24~ is a powerful radical scavenger for superoxide, hydroxyl, and lipid radicals. These data suggest that C~60~(OH)~24~ is a mitochondrial protective antioxidant with direct radical scavenging activity and indirect antioxidant inducing activity. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.