Abstract
Background: Serum stimulation leads to the activation of various signal transduction pathways in cells, and the resultant signals are integrated into the serum response factor (SRF)‐dependent transcription of immediate‐early genes such as c‐fos.
Results: To further characterize this response, we investigated the mechanism which controls serum response transcription in cultured human cells. Frequency of PML (promyelocytic leukaemia)‐nuclear bodies (NBs) formation increases shortly after serum stimulation, probably facilitating the interaction of SRF and CBP acetyltransferase at the NBs. PML modulates SRF‐mediated c‐fos promoter activities upon addition of serum to cells or expression of constitutively active Rho family GTPases. We mapped the region in the SRF that interacts with PML to the C‐terminal transactivation domain. An SRF mutant deleted of the transactivation domain neither co‐localizes with CBP in NBs nor fulfills its transcriptional role. Under conditions of serum stimulation, the formation of NBs coincides with the immediate‐early expression of the endogenous c‐fos gene in fibroblasts and in all‐trans retinoic acid‐treated acute promyelocytic leukaemia NB4 cells.
Conclusion: These data provide an insight into the involvement of NBs in modulating the transcription of serum‐induced immediate‐early genes.