Plant diversity enhances ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition

✍ Scribed by Reich, Peter B.; Knops, Jean; Tilman, David; Craine, Joseph; Ellsworth, David; Tjoelker, Mark; Lee, Tali; Wedin, David; Naeem, Shahid; Bahauddin, Dan; Hendrey, George; Jose, Shibu; Wrage, Keith; Goth, Jenny; Bengston, Wendy

• Book ID: 109774270
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Year: 2001
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 146 KB
• Volume: 410
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0028-0836
• DOI: 10.1038/35071062

✦ Synopsis

There is thus no need to invoke basal tractions due to subduction to explain pop-up structures, as has often been done for the western Americas 27,28,29 .

The absence of slip beneath the Bhutan Himalaya in 1897 suggests that the 400-km region between the great Himalayan ruptures of 1934 and 1950 (Fig. 1) has remained a seismic gap for at least the past two centuries 30 . At the higher end of our estimated slip rates, the faults bounding the Shillong plateau could absorb one-third of the inferred Himalayan contraction rate of 18 mm yr -1 (ref. 31), correspondingly increasing the interval between great earthquakes in the Bhutan Himalaya.

Our conclusions also raise issues concerning the seismic hazard potential of the Shillong plateau. The .300-km length of the Dauki fault has not slipped recently, but were it to slip in a single earthquake its potential maximum magnitude (M $ 8) would constitute a signi®cant seismic threat to nearby densely populated regions of Bangladesh, and to the very large city of Dhaka less than 150 km to the south (Fig. 1). The interval between these giant plateau-building earthquakes fortunately exceeds 3,000 years. M