Failure of nontopological boundary condi
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Alfred Actor
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Article
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1990
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Elsevier Science
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English
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In quantum gauge theory, when a particular direction x, is compactified to a circle, the energy of the vacuum V ff becomes dependent on a constant value A -#~C of the gauge potential. The parameter C is a periodic variable, and the vacuum energy typically has a local minimum at C = 0. Circular topol