Phylogeographic analysis of pigtail macaque populations (Macaca nemestrina) inferred from mitochondrial DNA

✍ Scribed by Rosenblum, Lisa L.; Supriatna, Jatna; Melnick, Don J.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1997
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 146 KB
• Volume: 104
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0002-9483
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199709)104:1<35::aid-ajpa3>3.0.co;2-c

✦ Synopsis

Mitochondrial DNA variation was surveyed in nine populations of the pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina), covering all three recognized subspecies in Southeast Asia. To do this, a 2,300 base pair fragment spanning the mitochondrial NAD 3 and NAD 4 genes and flanking tRNA subunits leucine and glycine was targeted for amplification and digested with a battery of 16 restriction endonucleases. Out of a total of 107 individuals, 32 unique haplotypes could be distinguished. Parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses grouped the haplotypes into five strongly supported assemblages representing China/Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and Siberut. These results indicate that the mainland and island mtDNA haplotypes are strictly and uniquely limited to the geographic ranges of the recognized morphological subspecies. Cladistic and neighbor-joining analyses indicate that inferred phylogenies of mtDNA haplotypes are congruent with subspecies designations. Furthermore, in support of morphological studies, results indicate that the Mentawai macaque is most likely not a distinct species but a subspecies of M. nemestrina.