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Phenol-formaldehyde resol resins studied by 13C-NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry

✍ Scribed by Timo Holopainen; Leila Alvila; Jouni Rainio; Tuula T. Pakkanen

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 1997
Tongue: English
Weight: 195 KB
Volume: 66
Category: Article
ISSN: 0021-8995
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19971107)66:6<1183::aid-app18>3.0.co;2-2

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✦ Synopsis

A series of phenol-formaldehyde resins was produced in the presence of NaOH catalyst. Detailed structural and quantitative information was provided by 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. The main interests were the relative quantities of bridge structures, methylol groups, and free phenol. Functionality and linearity of resins were also studied. The effects of the condensation F/P molar ratio on the structure and properties of the resins was studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in addition to 13 C-NMR.