Pervaporation: Process, Materials and Applications

✍ Scribed by Jean Garcia (editor)

• Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 250
• Series: Analytical Chemistry and Microchemistry
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Pervaporation is a separation process in which the selective permeation of components of a liquid mixture is achieved by way of a chemical potential gradient through a non-porous membrane. In Pervaporation: Process, Materials and Applications, the fundamentals and applications of pervaporation are described as a promising technique for the recovery of flavor compounds from dilute aqueous solutions, separation of azeotropic mixtures and for the dehydration of organic solvents. This collection also describes history of pervaporation in an effort to outline the differences between this and other membrane separation technologies including dialysis, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. The closing chapter focuses on the authors’ on-going development of high performance bio-based cellulosic membranes for ethyl tert-butyl ether purification by pervaporation. Cellulose acetate is extremely selective for ethanol removal from ethyl tert-butyl ether, however its flux is very low. Different strategies for improving its flux while maintaining a high selectivity are described and the main relationships between membrane structure, morphology and properties are illustrated.

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Pervaporation: Fundamentals and Applications
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Pervaporation
2.1. The Solution-Diffusion Model
2.2. The Permeation Process
2.3. Membrane Synthesis
2.4. Membrane Selectivity in Pervaporation Process
3. Applications of Pervaporation
3.1. Dehydration of Organic Solvents
3.2. Recovery of Organics
3.2.1. Recovery of Aroma Compounds
3.3. Separation of Organic Compounds
3.4. Integrated Process
Conclusion
References
Biographical Sketches
Chapter 2
The Fundamentals and Technology Surrounding Pervaporation Membranes
Abstract
1. Definition and History of Pervaporation
2. Fundamental Treatment in Pervaporation
2.1. Permeation Equation
3. Permeation and Separation Characteristics of Organic Liquid Mixtures
3.1. Water Selective Membranes for Water/Alcohol Mixtures
3.2. Alcohol Selective Membranes for Water/Alcohol Mixtures
3.3. Water/Organic Liquid Selective Membranes
3.4. Organic Selective Membranes for Organic Liquid/Water Mixtures
3.5. Selective Membranes for Organic Liquid/Organic Liquid Mixtures
3.5.1. Benzene/Cyclohexane Selective Membranes
3.5.2. Organic/Organic Selective Membranes
3.6. Selective Membranes for Isomers
3.7. Facilitation of Chemical Reactions by Pervaporation Membrane
3.7.1. Facilitation of Esterification
3.7.2. Facilitation of Etherification
References
Chapter 3
High Performance Bio-Based Membranes for Biofuel Purification by Pervaporation
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Bio-Based Cellulosic Materials with Nano-Structured Architecture for ETBE Purification by Pervaporation
2.1. Strategy for the Synthesis of the New Bio-Based Membrane Materials
2.2. Structure-Membrane Property Relationships for ETBE Purification by PV
2.3. Conclusion
3. 100% Bio-Based Cellulosic Materials with Polylactide Grafts for ETBE Purification by Pervaporation
3.1. Strategy for the Synthesis of the New Bio-Based Membrane Materials
3.2. Structure-Membrane Property Relationships for ETBE Purification by PV
3.3. Conclusion
4. Bio-Based Cellulosic Materials with Grafted Ionic Liquids for ETBE Purification by Pervaporation
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Strategy for the Synthesis of the New Bio-Based Membrane Materials with Grafted Ionic Liquids
4.3. Relationships between the Ionic Liquid Structure/Content and the Membrane Properties for ETBE Purification by PV
4.3.1. Influence of the Ionic Liquid Cation
4.3.2. Influence of the Ionic Liquid Anion
4.4. Conclusion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Index
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