β Scribed by Hannes Werthner, Erich Prem, Edward A. LeeCarlo Ghezzi
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
This book aims to set an agenda for research and action in the field of Digital Humanism through short essays written by selected thinkers from a variety of disciplines, including computer science, philosophy, education, law, economics, history, anthropology, political science, and sociology. This initiative emerged from the Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism and the associated lecture series. Digital Humanism deals with the complex relationships between people and machines in digital times. It acknowledges the potential of information technology. At the same time, it points to societal threats such as privacy violations and ethical concerns around artificial intelligence, automation and loss of jobs, ongoing monopolization on the Web, and sovereignty. Digital Humanism aims to address these topics with a sense of urgency but with a constructive mindset. The book argues for a Digital Humanism that analyses and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind toward a better society and life while fully respecting universal human rights. It is a call to shaping technologies in accordance with human values and needs.
Preface
Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism
Authors
Contents
Part I: Artificial Intelligence, Humans, and Control
Are We Losing Control?
References
Social Robots: Their History and What They Can Do for Us
1 History of Human Robotics
2 The Challenges of Becoming Social
3 Case Studies in an Insurance Company and in an Elderly Home
4 Ethical Issues of Social Robots
Reference
Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control
1 The Standard Model
2 Difficulties of the Standard Model
3 A New Model
References
The Challenge of Human Dignity in the Era of Autonomous Systems
References
Part II: Participation and Democracy
The Real Cost of Surveillance Capitalism: Digital Humanism in the United States and Europe
1 ZuboffΒ΄s Argument
2 What the Metaphor of Surveillance Capitalism Obfuscates
3 Open vs. Closed Societies: Consider China
4 What Open Societies Need to Do to Remain So
References
Democratic Discourse in the Digital Public Sphere: Re-imagining Copyright Enforcement on Online Social Media Platforms
References
The Internet Is Dead: Long Live the Internet
1 Perils of an Ornithopter Approach
2 Data Ownership and the Need of a Digital Identity
3 Security
4 Disintermediation
5 The Rise of a New, Decentralized Web
6 Participatory Public and Private Governance
References
Return to Freedom: Governance of Fair Innovation Ecosystems
1 The Vienna Manifesto and Innovation
2 Innovation Ecosystems
3 Governance: Ecosystems That Are Fair
4 Governance and Conceptions of Freedom
References
Decolonizing Technology and Society: A Perspective from the Global South
1 Inclusion, Coloniality, and the Digital Society
2 Community-Oriented, Transdisciplinary Models and Inclusive Platforms as Alternative
3 Conclusion
References
Part III: Ethics and Philosophy of Technology
Digital Humanism and the Limits of Artificial Intelligence
I
II
III
IV
References
Explorative Experiments and Digital Humanism: Adding an Epistemic Dimension to the Ethical Debate
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Method and Computing
3 A Different Notion of Experimentation: Explorative Experiments
4 From Epistemic Uncertainty to Ethical Incrementalism
5 Conclusion
References
Digital Humanism and Global Issues in Artificial Intelligence Ethics
1 Introduction
2 Artificial Intelligence Ethics and the Climate Crisis
3 Ethics and the Artificial Intelligence Arms Race
4 Concluding Remarks
References
Our Digital Mirror
1 The Example of Online Discourse
2 Scaffolding Discourse
References
Part IV: Information Technology and the Arts
Fictionalizing the Robot and Artificial Intelligence
References
How to Be a Digital Humanist in International Relations: Cultural Tech Diplomacy Challenges Silicon Valley
References
We Are Needed More Than Ever: Cultural Heritage, Libraries, and Archives
1 Self/Education
2 Participatory Turn
3 Inclusive Collections
4 Remaining a Place for Personal Encounters
5 Conclusions
References
Humanism and the Great Opportunity of Intelligent User Interfaces for Cultural Heritage
References
Part V: Data, Algorithm, and Fairness
The Attention Economy and the Impact of Artificial Intelligence
1 Introduction
2 The Attention Economy
3 The User-Machine Feedback Loop
3.1 Users and Personal Data
3.2 Algorithms
3.3 Digital Information Markets
4 Biases
4.1 Data
4.2 Algorithms
5 Societal Impact
6 Conclusions
References
Did You Find It on the Internet? Ethical Complexities of Search Engine Rankings
1 Introduction
2 Value of and Value Within Search Engines
3 Ethical Importance of Search Engine Rankings
4 Do You See Female Professors?
5 The Process and the End Product
6 Conclusions
References
Personalization, Fairness, and Post-Userism
1 Introduction
2 De-centering the User
3 Conclusion
References
Part VI: Platform Power
The Curation Chokepoint
References
Business Model Innovation and the Rise of Technology Giants
1 The Rise of Technology Giants
2 The Inverted Firm and the Spread of Platform Business Models
3 Demand for Regulation
4 Conclusions
References
Scaling Up Broken Systems? Considerations from the Area of Music Streaming
1 Introduction
2 A Brief History of Music Business
3 The Disruption of the Business
4 The Status Quo
5 And Beyond?
References
The Platform Economy After COVID-19: Regulation and the Precautionary Principle
1 Introduction
2 The Effects of the Pandemic
3 Regulation and the Precautionary Principle
4 Conclusions
References
Part VII: Education and Skills of the Future
Educational Requirements for Positive Social Robotics
References
Informatics as a Fundamental Discipline in General Education: The Danish Perspective
1 Digital Humanism and General Informatics Education
2 Political Emphasis on Informatics Education for All
3 The Danish Informatics Curriculum for General Education
4 Digital Humanism in Informatics: The Danish Perspective
5 The Bipartite Nature of Informatics
6 Embracing Uncertainty: The Representational and the Interpretational Challenge
7 Conclusions
References
The Unbearable Disembodiedness of Cognitive Machines
1 The Three Revolutions
2 Cognitive Machines
3 A Broader Educational Horizon
References
Part VIII: Digital Geopolitics and Sovereignty
The Technological Construction of Sovereignty
1 Code Is Law; Law Is Code
2 Social and Technological Construction of Reality
3 Technological Construction of Sovereignty
4 Conclusions
References
A Crucial Decade for European Digital Sovereignty
References
Geopolitics and Digital Sovereignty
References
Cultural Influences on Artificial Intelligence: Along the New Silk Road
1 Artificial Intelligence in China
2 Artificial Intelligence in Europe
3 Cultural Differences in Applying Artificial Intelligence Technology
4 Artificial Intelligence Talent: Mobility and Global Competition
5 Global Collaboration on Artificial Intelligence Research and Innovation
References
Geopolitics, Digital SovereigntyWhatΒ΄s in a Word?
1 The Context
1.1 The Paradox
1.2 ItΒ΄s More Than the Economy, You Know
2 Europe, How Many Divisions?
2.1 A Pacific Centered Digital World Map
2.2 In the Platform Economy, Nobody Can Hear EU Scream
2.3 Digital Sovereignty, a New Concept to Operate and Compete in This Context
3 Words Matter: Especially When They Are Meant to Be Performative
3.1 Digital and Sovereignty, How Does This Add Up?
3.2 Political and Legal Considerations
4 Where Next?
4.1 Many Assets to Mobilize
4.2 Strategic Autonomy
4.3 Aim for the Moon
References
Part IX: Systems and Society
Work Without Jobs
References
Why DonΒ΄t You Do Something to Help Me? Digital Humanism: A Call for Cities to Act
Further Reading
Ethics or Quality of Life?
1 Abundance and Fear Determine the Discussion
2 Development Requires Ethical Guidelines
3 Companies and Business Leaders Want to Satisfy Their Stakeholders
4 Investors Are Looking for Returns Through Sustainability
5 Do-Gooders Misuse the Ethics Discussion
6 Politics Follows the Need for Ethical Rules
7 Ethics Wants Quality of Life for All
8 Ethics Needs Life Engineering
References
Responsible Technology Design: Conversations for Success
References
Navigating Through Changes of a Digital World
1 Trust as a Key Driver
2 Conclusions
References
Part X: Learning from Crisis
Efficiency vs. Resilience: Lessons from COVID-19
References
Contact Tracing Apps: A Lesson in Societal Aspects of Technological Development
References
Data, Models, and Decisions: How We Can Shape Our World by Not Predicting the Future
References
Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Lesson 1: Increase Digitalization
2 Lesson 2: Speed Is More Important Than Money
3 Lesson 3: We Need to Find a New Balance Between Privacy and Public Good
4 Lesson 4: Interoperability Is Vital
5 Lesson 5: Half the Number of Words, Double the Quality of Communication
6 Lesson 6: Competences Are the Priority
7 Lesson 7: Digital Technologies and Infrastructures Are Key European Security Affairs
The Need for Respectful Technologies: Going Beyond Privacy
References
Part XI: Realizing Digital Humanism
Digital Humanism: Navigating the Tensions Ahead
References
Should We Rethink How We Do Research?
1 Introduction: Coping with Disruptive Changes
2 Effects on How We Do Research
3 Effects on Engagement with Society
4 Conclusions
References
Interdisciplinarity: Models and Values for Digital Humanism
References
It Is Simple, It Is Complicated
References
Computers And Society; Ethics; Business And Management: General; Legal Aspects Of Computing; Privacy; Philosophy Of Science
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
pt. 1. Reopening the door on humanism -- pt. 2. The treasures of humankind -- pt. 3. Challenging humanity : the multiple dimensions.
The idea of human dignity is central to any reflection on the nature of human worth. However, the idea is a complex one that also takes on many different forms. This unique collection explores the idea of human dignity as it arises within these many different domains, opening up the possibility of a
The idea of human dignity is central to any reflection on the nature of human worth, and has become a key concept in international and national law, in medical ethics, and in much philosophical and political theory. However, the idea is a complex one that also takes on many different forms. This col
<p><p>This volume brings together a range of interdisciplinary perspectives on a topic of central importance, but which has otherwise tended to be approached from within just one or another disciplinary framework. Most of the essays contained here incorporate some degree of interdisciplinarity in th
Featuring contributions & commentary by distinguished scholars, this volume is rich in cultural & historical comparisons. The concepts of the bioecological model & the ecology of human development represent a unique contribution to the field of developmental psychology.
Skin color is perhaps the most decisive and abused physical characteristic of humankind. This book presents a multidisciplinary overview of how and why human populations vary so markedly in their skin color. The biological aspects of the pigment cell and its production of melanin are reviewed. The f