Perinatal infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV–1): Relationship between proviral copy number in vivo, viral properties in vitro, and clinical outcome
✍ Scribed by Anita De Rossi; Marcella Pasti; Fabrizio Mammano; Lucia Ometto; Carlo Giaquinto; Luigi Chieco-Bianchi
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1991
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 694 KB
- Volume
- 35
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0146-6615
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) isolates from 25 perinatally HIV‐1 infected children were classified according to their capacity to replicate in vitro as rapid (R), intermediate (S/R) and slow (S) variants. R‐type viruses replicated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and grew better in T‐lymphoid cells, even though 9 out of 12 isolates also maintained tropism for monocytoid cells. The S/R‐type isolates replicated efficiently after several days of culture, while the S‐type viruses displayed only a low and transient replication activity; however, both S/R‐ and S‐type isolates exerted viral transactivation activity in an indicator monocytoid cell line. Replication patterns in vitro were significantly associated in vivo with the number of HIV‐1 copies in PBMCs as determined by polymerase chain reaction: in children with R‐type isolates, the number of HIV‐1 proviral DNA molecules/10^5^ PBMCs ranged from 62 to 571, and in children with S/R and S isolates the range was 5–43.
Seven children had severe symptomatic HIV‐1 infection, and in all an R‐type virus was identified; 18 children had no or only mild symptoms, and among these, S‐, S/R‐, and R‐type isolates were found in 5, 8, and 5 cases, respectively. Besides demonstrating HIV‐1 variability in perinatal infection, these findings suggest that R‐type virus might be a prerequisite for disease progression.