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Perceived Stigma Among Patients with Spasmodic Dysphonia and Spasmodic Torticollis Before and After Botulinum Toxin Injections

โœ Scribed by Ilias Papathanasiou


Book ID
114078773
Publisher
Elsevier
Year
1996
Tongue
English
Weight
208 KB
Volume
82
Category
Article
ISSN
1873-1465

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Treatment of idiopathic spasmodic tortic
โœ Dr. I. T. Lorentz; S. Shanthi Subramaniam; C. Yiannikas ๐Ÿ“‚ Article ๐Ÿ“… 1991 ๐Ÿ› John Wiley and Sons ๐ŸŒ English โš– 522 KB

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 23 patients suffering from intractable spasmodic torticollis (ST) were given successively either botulinum toxin A (BTA) or normal saline by intramuscular injections in the affected muscles. Evaluation was carried out by three blinded observers, using a c