Patient-Reported Outcomes and Experience: Measuring What We Want From PROMs and PREMs

✍ Scribed by Tim Benson

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 233
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book shows how PROMs and PREMs can help improve patient experience and outcomes. Part 1 covers the core principles of PROMs and PREMs, including their strengths and weaknesses, reporting and analysis, data sharing and valuation. Part 2 covers measures of patient experience, health status, wellbeing, self-efficacy, individualized measures, social determinants of health and impact evaluation. It concludes with a discussion of staff-reported measures, proxies and caregivers.

Patient-Reported Outcomes and Experience: Measuring What We Want with PROMs and PREMs concisely covers how to use these measures successfully to improve patient experience of healthcare services and associated outcomes. It is a critical resource for trainee and practicing clinicians, managers, analysts and policymakers seeking an up-to-date reference on the latest developments in this rapidly expanding field.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Author
Part IPrinciples
1 Why PROMs and PREMs Matter?
Introduction
The Quality Chasm
Quality Measures
What Do Health Care Systems Produce?
Personalised Care
PROMs and PREMs
Criteria
Lessons
Conclusions
References
2 History
Early Pioneers
PROMs
Before 1980
1980s
1990s
2000s
References
3 Terms
Descriptive Framework
Questionnaire
Measure
Comment
Readability
Translations
Scoring Scheme
Weight
Scales
Conclusions
References
4 Why PROMs Are Hard: People
Response Rate
Case Study—GPPS
Digital Exclusion
Innovation Readiness
Innovativeness Spectrum
Decision Process
Change Management
Behavior Change
PDSA Cycle
SMART Criteria
Conclusions
References
5 Noise and Complexity
Noise and Bias
Types of Noise
Types of Bias
Reducing Noise and Bias
Complexity
Complexity Theory
NASSS Framework
Conclusions
References
6 Using the Results
Background
Analysis
Roles
Change
Dashboard
Dashboards for Managers
Case Study
Statistical Packages
Validity
Construct Validation
Other Types of Validity
Example
Publication Check-List
Conclusions
References
7 Sharing Data
What Is Interoperability
Layers of Interoperability
Interoperability Standards
Why Interoperability Is Hard
HL7 FHIR
RESTful APIs
Structured Data
Use Cases
FHIR Resources
Questionnaire
QuestionnaireResponse
Relationships with Other Resources
Workflow
Coding Schemes
LOINC
SNOMED CT
References
8 Value of Health and Lives
Death Rates
Value of a Statistical Life (VSL)
Preference Measures
QALY Model
Load Model
A Worked Example
Discussion
References
Part IIMeasures
9 Patient-Reported Measures
Core Outcome Sets
Taxonomy
Patient and Staff-Reported
PROMs Domains
PREMs Domains
Option Sets
Table
Quality of Life
Health Status
Personal Wellbeing
Person-Specific Outcome
Sleep
Fatigue
Individual Care
Health Confidence
Self-Care
Shared Decisions
Behaviour Change
Adherence
Acceptance of Loss
Community
Social Determinants
Social Contact
Loneliness
Neighbour Relationships
Personal Safety
Care Provided
Patient Experience
Service Integration
Provider Culture
Privacy
Innovation
Digital Confidence
Product Confidence
User Satisfaction
Digital Readiness
Training
References
10 Patient Experience
Background
Development
Devising Items
Scope
Sourcing Items
Refining the Items
Options
Scoring
Readability
Case Study
Distribution
Internal Structure
Validation
Before and After
Other Measures
Service Integration
Friends and Family Test
References
11 Health Status
Background
SF-36 and SF-12
EQ-5D
howRu Health Status Measure
Case Study 1
Method
Distribution of Scores
Internal Structure
Validity
Case Study 2
Results
Effect Size
Correlations
Comparisons
Conclusions
References
12 Wellbeing
Background
Subjective Wellbeing
ONS4
PWS
EQ Health and Wellbeing
Mental Health
WEMWBS
ReQoL
Comparisons
References
13 Patient-Centred Care
Patient-Centered Care
Self-efficacy
Supported Self-management
Measures
Patient Activation Measure (PAM)
My Health Confidence
Health Confidence Score (HCS)
Discussion
Case Study
Comparison of Measures
Shared Decision-Making
CollaboRATE
Shared Decisions
References
14 Individualised Measures
Background
Individualised Measures
MYCaW
Person-Specific Outcome
Comparisons
Conclusions
References
15 How People Live
Social Determinants of Health
Health Index for England
Social Determinants Measure
Loneliness and Social Contact
Loneliness Measures
Social Contact
Loneliness
Case Study—Social Contact
Discussion
Length and Readability
References
16 Innovation Evaluation
Innovation
Measures
Innovation Readiness
Digital Confidence
Innovation Process
Product Satisfaction
Behaviour Change
Training
Digital Competence
Product Confidence
Case Study—Digital Readiness in General Practice
Comparison of Measures
Conclusions
References
17 Staff-Reported Measures
Background
Quality of Life
Health Status
Work Wellbeing
Person-Specific Outcome
Individual Care
Job Confidence
Assessed Need
Care Provided
Service Provided
Service Integration
Patient Confidence
Provider Culture
Staff Relationships
Shared Decisions
Patient Safety
Staff Safety
Privacy
Innovation
Innovation Readiness
Innovation Process
User Satisfaction
Behaviour Change
Training
Digital Competence
Product Confidence
References
18 Proxies, Caregivers and Care Home Residents
Proxies
Caregivers
Case Study
Care Home Residents
References
Appendix
Outline placeholder
LOINC Answers
SNOMED CT Codes
Index