Parotid disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Zambia
Among the salivary glands the parotid is unusual in that it contains lymphoid tissue within its capsule. The focus of infection with human immunodeficiency virus ( H I V ) is the lymphatic system and this results in a specific HIV-related pathology in the parotid. This 2-year surgical audit of parotid disease in HIV-infected patients in Lusaka shows patients presenting with parotid lymphadenopathy, bilateral difuse parotid enlargement and parotid lymphoepithelial cysts. Clinical presentation and management are discussed.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )-related disease of the parotid gland presenting in the USA has recently been
This study reviewed HIV-related parotid disease presenting over a 2-year period to a surgical unit in a central African teaching hospital where HIV-1 infection is commong.
Of the salivary glands the parotid gland is unusual in including lymphoid tissue within its capsule resulting from intermingling during development of the protoparotid epithelial buds with lymphocytic rich stroma before the parotid capsule is formed".". Intraparotid lymph nodes and unencapsulated lymphoid tissue are normally found in the substance of the parotid. Periparotid lymph nodes are in intimate contact with the capsule of the parotid gland and rests of parotid epithelium may be found in intraparotid and periparotid lymph Infection by HIV is accompanied by a characteristic follicular hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue which can be recognized histologically as primary HIV lymphadenopathy '4-'s and presents clinically as persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. Subsequent opportunist infections and HIV-related n e ~p l a s i a ' ~. ' ~ can result in secondary HIV lymphadenopathy. Parotid lymph nodes reflect these HIV-related changes.
Diffuse enlargement of the parotid glands, sometimes with sicca symptoms' 8p21 and parotid lymphoepithelial are recognized further manifestations of HIV infection.