Parent-Child Relations: An Introduction to Parenting

✍ Scribed by Jerry Bigner, Clara Gerhardt

• Publisher: Pearson
• Year: 2018
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 481
• Edition: 10
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

A user-friendly resource that examines the intricacies of parent-child relationships in contemporary society
For decades, Parent-Child Relations: An Introduction to Parenting has prepared countless teachers and practitioners by using family systems and systemic family development theory as frameworks to explore the evolution of the family, the stages of family system development, and the challenges faced by all types of families. Readers will discover a broad range of issues encountered across the lifespan to help them prepare for their roles as professionals working with families or as parents themselves.

Filled with relevant new topics, two new chapters, and new cultural snapshots, the 10th Edition has been extensively updated while retaining the essential developmental approach and comprehensive coverage.

Improve mastery and retention with the Enhanced Pearson eText
The Enhanced Pearson eText provides a rich, interactive learning environment designed to improve student mastery of content with embedded videos and a hyperlinked glossary.

Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; the Enhanced Pearson eText does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with the Enhanced Pearson eText, ask your instructor to confirm the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.

If you would like to purchase both the physical text and the Enhanced Pearson eText, search for:

0134800354 / 9780134800356 Parent-Child Relations: An Introduction to Parenting, with Enhanced Pearson eText -- Access Card Package
Package consists of:

• 0134802233 / 9780134802237 Parent-Child Relations: An Introduction to Parenting
• 0134802284 / 9780134802282 Parent-Child Relations: An Introduction to Parenting, Pearson eText -- Access Card

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
About the Authors
Preface
Brief Contents
Contents
PART I
The Context of Parent–Child Relations
Chapter 1
The Evolving Context of Parenting
Parenthood
Coparenting
Parenting Education
Dimensions of the Parenting Role
Family as a System
Bidirectional Relationship
Developmental and Lifespan Pursuit
Social Construct
Influences in the Parenting Style
Family-of-Origin Influences
Sociocultural Influences
Bidirectional Influences
Developmental Time
Personality and Temperament
Family Structure
Social Factors Affecting Parenthood
Diversity in Family Forms and Structures
Two-Parent Families
Single-Parent and Binuclear Families
Blended Families
Families With Renested Adult Children
Kinship Families
Families of Choice
Military Families
Ethnography: Diverse Family Forms
Family Well-Being
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 2
Parenting Approaches
The Parenting Relationship
Parents as Teachers
Appropriate Discipline
Process and Content
Positive Self Esteem
Nurture and Structure
Responsive and Responsible Care
Constructive Guidance
Corporal Punishment
Parenting Styles
Critique on Parenting Styles
Structure and Nurture Revisited
The Parenting Circumplex Model
Parenting Practices in Context
Parenting Approaches and
Theoretical Frameworks
Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
Social Learning Approaches
Relationship-based Approaches
Communicating With Children
Interacting With Children
Multimodal Approaches
Positive Parental Discipline
“Time-out” as an Intervention
Ineffective Disciplinary Methods
Parenting Challenges
Normal Behavioral Problems
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 3
Historical and Cultural Perspectives
The Evolution of Childhood
Adult Lifespan and Infant Mortality
Recorded Beginnings
Earlier Perceptions of Children
Developmentally Appropriate Approaches to Childrearing
Environment and Discipline
Bend the Tree While It Is Young
Expanding Child Focused Values
Beginnings of Developmental Approach
Parenting and Culture
The Role of Culture
Enculturation and Acculturation
Cultural Universalism and Cultural Relativism
Socialization
Ethnic Diversity in Families
Multiracial and Interethnic Families
Diverse Influences
Education and Multilingualism
Globalization and Parenting
Challenges to Migrating Families
Globalization, Migration, and the Family
Globalization, Culture, and the Family
Gender Roles
Ripple Effects on Parenting
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 4
Theoretical Perspectives on Parent–Child Relations
Theories and Their Function
Theories as Building Blocks
Psychoanalytic, Psychosocial, and Related Approaches
Behaviorist, Cognitive Behavioral, and Related Approaches
Humanistic and Related Approaches
Systemic, Family Systems, and Related Approaches
Neuroscience and Related Approaches
Parents as Socialization Agents
Attachment Theory and Parenting
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth
Melanie Klein
René Spitz and James Robertson
William Goldfarb, Anna Freud, and Jean Piaget
Harry Harlow
Konrad Lorenz
Psychosocial Development Theory and Parenting
Application to Parent–Child Relations
Theories Related to Behavior,
Cognition, and Social Learning
Learning Theory
Cognitive Theory
Application to Parent–Child Relations
Parenthood as a Developmental Role: Developmental Interaction
The Family as a System
Family Systems Theory
Reciprocal Interaction and Feedback
Boundaries
Equifinality
Homeostasis
Application to Parent–Child Relations
Ecological Systems Theory and Parenting
Systemic Family Development Theory
Stressors in Families
Intergenerational Families in Developmental Time
Lifespan Tracks
Family Genograms
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 5
Parenting: Rights and Responsibilities
The Privilege of Parenthood
Boundaries of Parental Autonomy
Parents Causing Concern
Ethics of Parenting
Laws Reflect Culture
Laws and Rights
Grandparents
The Right to Parent
Rights and Responsibilities
Responsible Parenting
Legal Paternity and Maternity
Establishing Paternity and Maternity
Dependency
Medical Treatment
Living Will
Education
Child Maltreatment
Best Interest of the Child
Children in Foster Care
Divorce
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
Mediation
Collaborative Divorce
Parenting Plans
Custody
The Global Well-Being of Children
Final Thoughts
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
PART II
The Developmental Process of Parenting
Chapter 6
The Transition to Parenthood
A Transformative Relationship
Parenthood and Committed Relationships
Union Instability and Union Disruptions
Role Strain
Family of Creation
Nuclear Family
Planning for a Family
Genetic Counseling
Preparation for Conception
Maternal Health
Timing of Parenthood
Pregnancy and Birth
Prenatal Development
Adjusting to Pregnancy
Fetal Origins of Adult Disease
Preparation for Birth
Childbirth Education
The Birthing Experience
Emotional Aspects
Pregnancy and Infant Loss
Alternative Avenues to Parenthood
Challenges
Parenting and Adoption
Second-Parent Adoption and Kinship
Adoption
Historical Underpinnings
International Adoption
Foster Parenting
Foster Care in the United States
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 7
Parenting Infants and Toddlers
Parental Responsibilities
Landmarks of Infancy
Parenting Infants
Appropriate Engagement
Sleep–Wake Cycle
Sleep Related Infant Deaths
Communication and Infant Crying
Feeding and Breastfeeding
Health and Medical Care
Parenting and Brain Development
“Parenting Begets Parenting”
Goodness-of-Fit
Attachment
Safety Precautions for Infants
Non-Parental Childcare
Parenting Toddlers
Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation
Cognitive Development
Safety Concerns for Toddlers
Evolving Personal Concepts of Parenthood
Gender-Equal Parenting Roles
The Highs and Lows of Parenting
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 8
Parenting Preschoolers
Preschoolers: Developmental Achievements
Learning and Brain Development
Self-Regulation: The Golden Thread
Parenting Young Children
Cognitive, Emotional, and Social Aspects
Toxic Parenting
Beginning Socialization
Gender Roles and Sexuality
Grief in Children
Attachment Revisited
Cognitive Development
Play as a Learning Opportunity
Parenting Exceptionally Bright Preschoolers
Respectful Parenting
Praise Sparingly but Authentically
Encourage Age Appropriate Responsibility and Choice
Challenging Behaviors
Bedtime and Sleeping
Toileting
Meal Times
Health and Safety
Childcare for Preschoolers
Families and Work
Supporting Children
Historic Underpinnings
Childcare Centers
Preschool Programs
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 9
Parenting in Middle Childhood
Meeting Unique Individuals
Parenting School-Age Children
The Decade of Learning
Developmental Parenting
Landmarks of Middle Childhood
Adversity in Context
Self-Efficacy, Self-Regulation, and
Co-Regulation
Lessons From Parents and Peers
Meeting the Needs of School-Age
Children
Health and Safety Concerns
Structure and Nurture Revisited
Creating a Safe and Respectful School Environment
Cyberbullying
Bullying and Harassment
Cognitive Skills
The World of School
Evolving Parenting and Educational Practices
Extracurricular Activities
Sex and Relationship Education
Typical Behavioral Problems
Noncompliance
Antisocial Behaviors
Children With Disabilities
Parenting Exceptional Children
Parenting Children and Youth With High Potential: Gifts and Talents
Children With Exceptionalities
Family Reactions
Support for Families With Exceptional Children
Parental Employment and Childcare Support
Lead-Parents
Work-Family Balance
Toward Gender Equality
Effects on the Children
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 10
Parenting Adolescents and Teens as Parents
The Promise of the Future
The Teenage Brain
Developmental Landmarks of Adolescence
Parenting Adolescents
Revised Parenting Styles
Meeting the Needs of Adolescents
Family Climate
Relationships and Sexuality
Relationship and Sex Education for Teens
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Dating Coercion and Violence
Teenage Contraceptive Use
Gender Roles and Sexual Orientation
Parenting Emerging Adults
Prolonged Parental Dependency
Adolescents as Parents
Teen Pregnancy
Adolescent Fathers
Support for Adolescent Parents
Educational Programs
Promoting Parenting Skills
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
PART III
The Challenges of Parent–Child Relations
Chapter 11
Parenting: Family Composition and Dynamics
The Dynamics of Ratio
The Resources Within a Family System
Sibling Ratios
Single Child Families
Multiples
Single Parent Families
Single-by-Choic
Single After the Death of a Partner
Single Post-divorce
Parental Adaptations Following Divorce
Custody Arrangements
Joint Custody
Post-divorce Conflict
Single-parent Families Headed by
Mothers
Single-parent Families Headed by
Fathers
The Challenges of Nonresidential, Noncustodial Fathers
The Challenges of Single-parent Families
Grandparenting
The Role of Grandparents
Step-grandparenting
Caring for Aging Parents
The Sandwich Generation
Elder Abuse
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 12
Parenting Interrupted and Fragile Families
Parenting Interrupted
Historic Research
Fragile Families
Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Research
Children of the Great Recession
Adverse Childhood Experiences
Assets Contributing to Healthy Development
External Assets
Internal Assets
Phases in Family Functioning
Historic Research
Phases in Family Functioning
Family Stressors: Grief and Loss
Grief in Children
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
Preventing Drug Abuse Through Positive Parenting
Family Stressors and Addictive Disorders
Substance-related and Addictive Disorders
Implications for Children
The Battleground of Abuse
Historic Research
Family Violence
Models of Family Violence
Factors Associated With Family Violence
Abusive Parents
Treatment and Intervention
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 13
Blended and Intergenerational Family Systems
The Characteristics of Blended
Family Systems
Repartnering and Remarriage
Blended Family Formation
Coparenting and Blended Family Roles
Stepfathers
Stepgrandparents
Stepchildren and Stepsiblings
Ex-spouses and Ex-in-laws
Challenges and Adjustments
Intergenerational Families
Lifespan and Multigenerational Parenting
Nuclear and Extended Family Contexts
Functions: Parenting the Fragile
Caregiving Relationships
Grandparent-headed Families
Boomerang Children
Multiple Family Roles
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 14
Family Formation and Parenting in LGBT Contexts
Legal Matters
History
The Determinants of Sexual Orientation
Biological Perspectives
Psychological Perspectives
The Continuum of Gender Identity
Toward Gender Authenticity
Family Systems With Children Identifying as LGBT
Family Formation in Same-Sex Couples
Mixed-Orientation Marriage
Parent–Child Relations in Same-Sex
Couples
Children of Same-Sex Parents
Gender-equal Behavior
Family Dynamics in Same-Sex Couples
Challenges for Parents Identifying as LGBT
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
Chapter 15
Toward Better Outcomes
Creating Optimal Environments
The Risk and Resilience Model
Protective Factors
Enhancing Individual Resilience
Civic Organizations
Gender Equality in Educational Outcomes
Generational Differences
Enhancing Family Resilience
Family Structure
The Power of Family Support
The Power of Social and Civic Connectedness
Search Institute: Developmental Assets
Research Trends in the Family Sciences
Select Global Initiatives for Young People
Policies and Programs
Final Thoughts
Chapter Focus Points
Useful Websites
GLOSSARY
REFERENCES
NAME INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX