✍ Scribed by J. Hriczkó; J. Jakab; I. Zsigmond-Soós; S. Benkö; L. Kalász; I. Petri
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The human erythrocyte antigen Xg a (= XG1) is the product of the X-chromosome-borne locus. It is the one of the few blood group systems whose genes are sex-linked. No antigen antithetical to Xg a has been found, so that the phenotypes are Xg(a+) and Xg(a ). About 89% of females and 66% of males are Xg(a+). Anti-Xg a is a very rarely occuring antibody. It is the first to be reported in Hungary. Materials and Methods: The antibody screening test was made in tube by LISS antihuman globulin test (AGT) technique and papain treated cells. Using several series of test cells (DiaMed AG, Biotest, Medion) the antibody identification was performed with Liss/Coombs cards. The antibody titration was prepared by the same method. The blood group typing was done in tube by LISS AGT technique (Biotest). Results: A 69 year old man suffered from sigmoid colon cancer with retroperitoneal and pulmonary metastases. Following transfusion due to gastrointestinal bleeding his antibody screening test became positive. The unexpected antibody was reactive only to indirect AGT technique but disappeared at the enzyme phase. Finally it was identified as anti-Xg a . Its titer was 1:64. The DAT was positive, red blood cells were covered with complement (C3d) only. The patient's phenotype became Xg(a ) in ten weeks.
The anti-Xg a does not give rise to hemolytic transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of newborn, so it is also important to determine the specificity and clinical significance of blood group alloantibodies because of the safety of transfusion practice.
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