Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction by Carbon Dioxide with Organic Modifiers of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Urban Particulate Matter
✍ Scribed by Vito Librando; Gaetano Tomaselli; Giuseppe Tringali
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 57 KB
- Volume
- 95
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0003-4592
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
The main advantages of using supercritical fluids for the extractions of organic pollutants from environmental matrix is that they are inexpensive, contaminant free, and less costly to dispose safely than organic solvents. In this work, a series of extraction experiments were carried out using CO~2~ as supercritical fluid on a certified sample of “Urban dust” (NIST S.R.M. 1649a) to optimize the analytical parameters with the aim of investigating the extraction limit of organic pollutant by using an almost “organic solvent‐free” technique. The certified sample contains small concentrations of several organic pollutants, as PAH and PCB. The initial tests of extraction were carried out with only CO~2~ in supercritical phase, by maintaining the temperature at 50 °C and 80 °C and by making the pressure vary between 230 bar and 600 bar. The effect of three organic modifiers (methanol, nhexane and toluene), added at 5 % in volume, has been considered. The yield of recovery has been estimated for anthracene, fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1, 2, 3‐cd]pyrene by GC‐MS according to the increasing molecular weight.