## Abstract When using derivative instruments such as futures to hedge a portfolio of risky assets, the primary objective is to estimate the optimal hedge ratio (OHR). When agents have meanβvariance utility and the futures price follows a martingale, the OHR is equivalent to the minimum variance he
Optimal Hedge Ratio Estimation and Effectiveness Using ARCD
β Scribed by Eleftheria Kostika; Raphael N. Markellos
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2012
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 215 KB
- Volume
- 32
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0277-6693
- DOI
- 10.1002/for.1249
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the importance of forecasting higher moments for optimal hedge ratio estimation. To this end, autoregressive conditional density (ARCD) models are employed which allow for time variation in variance, skewness and kurtosis. The performance of ARCD models is evaluated against that of GARCH and of other conventional hedge ratio estimation methodologies based on exponentially weighted moving averages, ordinary least squares and error correction, respectively. An empirical application using spot and futures data on the DJI, FTSE and DAX equity indices compares the inβsample and outβofβsample hedging effectiveness of each approach in terms of risk minimization. The results show that the ARCD approach has the best performance, thus suggesting that forecasting higher moments is of practical importance for futures hedging. Copyright Β© 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract Suppose that there is an information variable (with error correction variable being a special case) affecting the spot price but not the futures price. The estimated optimal hedge ratio is unbiased but inefficient when this variable is omitted. In addition, the resulting hedging effecti
In recent years, the error-correction model without lags has been used in estimating the minimum-variance hedge ratio. This article proposes the use of the same error-correction model, but with lags in spot and futures returns in estimating the hedge ratio. In choosing the lag structure, use of the
## Abstract Bollerslev's (1990, __Review of Economics and Statistics__, 52, 5β59) constant conditional correlation and Engle's (2002, __Journal of Business & Economic Statistics__, 20, 339β350) dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) bivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity
A determination of the minimum variance hedging ratio.' The strength of these results is mitigated, however, by two factors: First, the researchers assume (implicitly or explicitly) that the hedger has a quadratic utility function. This is well-known to be a problematic assumption, since quadratic u
This study compares two alternative regression specifications for sizing hedge positions and measuring hedge effectiveness: a simple regression on price changes and an error correction model (ECM). We show that, when the prices of the hedged item and the hedging instrument are cointegrated, both spe