When do high-level managers believe they
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Benjamin B. Dunford; Wendy R. Boswell; John W. Boudreau
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Article
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2010
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John Wiley and Sons
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English
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## Abstract Stock based rewards are often used to motivate highโlevel managers to take actions to increase the stock price of the firm. However, numerous constraints may weaken the perceived link between individual effort and stock price appreciation for many recipients. This study introduces a new