Open blunt crush injury of different severity determines nature and extent of local tissue regeneration and repair
✍ Scribed by Ioannis Stratos; Johannes Graff; Robert Rotter; Thomas Mittlmeier; Brigitte Vollmar
- Book ID
- 102394260
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 281 KB
- Volume
- 28
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0736-0266
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Insufficiency of skeletal muscle regeneration is often accompanied with functional deficiencies. The goal of our study was to assess the restoration of peripheral muscle upon injury of different severity. Blunt crush injury of the soleus muscle in rats was induced by a clamp and stepwise amplified in severity by rising the locking level of the clamp, resulting in three different groups (1× lock; 2× lock; 3× lock; n = 30 animals per group). After assessment of the fast twitch and tetanic contraction capacity at days 1, 4, 7, 14, and 42 postinjury sampling of muscle tissue served for analysis of cell proliferation, including satellite cells, apoptosis, and leukocyte infiltration. Contraction force analysis demonstrated significantly higher values of relative muscle strength in the 1× lock group compared to the two other groups over 42 days. Calculation of the twitch‐to‐tetanic force ratio revealed significantly higher mean values at days 1, 7, and 14 in the animals of group 2× lock and 3× lock, indicating a transformation toward a fast‐twitching muscular phenotype. Moreover, cell proliferation during the first 4 days was found dependent on the severity of muscle injury in that the higher the severity the higher the proliferation. At the same time, cell apoptosis was found increased, and at day 1 the local leukocyte infiltration was significantly higher in the 3× lock compared to the 1× lock group. These data indicate that severity of injury correlates with local repair responses, which, however, are not necessarily sufficient to fully restore muscle function. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:950–957, 2010