Open and Distance Learning in the Developing World

✍ Scribed by Hilary Perraton

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2000
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 184
• Series: Routledge Studies in Distance Education
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This revised and updated edition of Open and Distance Learning in the Developing World sets the expansion of distance education in the context of general educational change and explores its use for basic and non-formal education, schooling, teacher training and higher education.

Engaging with a range of topics, this comprehensive overview includes new material on:

• non-formal education: mass-communication approaches to education about HIV/AIDS and recent literacy work in India, South Africa, and Zambia
• schooling: new research projects in open schooling in Asia and subsaharan Africa, and interactive radio instruction in South Africa
• the impact of new technology and globalisation: learning delivered through the internet and mobile learning
• the political economy: international agencies, the role of private sector, and funding.

With its critical appraisal of the facts and examination of data about effectiveness, this book provides answers to problems and poses key questions for the consideration of policy makers, educational practitioners and all professionals involved in implementing and delivering sustainable open and distance learning.

✦ Table of Contents

Book Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Tables......Page 7
Foreword......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 9
1 Introduction: golden goose or ugly duckling......Page 10
EXPANSION AND CONSTRAINT......Page 11
THE USE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION......Page 15
WHY AND HOW HAS IT HAPPENED?......Page 16
EFFECTIVENESS, EFFICIENCY, QUALITY......Page 17
DEFINITIONS......Page 19
2 Nonformal education: the light that never shone......Page 20
CONSTRAINTS ON NONFORMAL EDUCATION......Page 22
THE RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENT......Page 24
THE AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT......Page 25
THE FUNCTIONAL EDUCATION PROJECT FOR RURAL AREAS IN PAKISTAN......Page 28
AFRICAN MEDICAL AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION......Page 30
CONCLUSIONS......Page 31
BROADCASTING FOR REFORM......Page 33
India......Page 35
Indonesia......Page 37
An Asian model......Page 39
STUDY CENTRES FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION......Page 40
REDISCOVERING RADIO......Page 43
COMPUTERS IN THE CLASSROOM......Page 49
CONCLUSION......Page 50
WHAT SHOULD WE TEACH THE TEACHERS?......Page 52
RESPONDING TO SHORTAGES OF PRIMARY-SCHOOL TEACHERS......Page 56
THE ROLE OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITIES: RAISING TEACHER QUALITY......Page 61
THE DUAL-MODE UNIVERSITIES......Page 64
EFFECTS, OUTCOMES AND COSTS......Page 66
CONCLUSION......Page 70
THE ASIAN OPEN UNIVERSITIES......Page 72
China and India......Page 73
Expansion across a continent......Page 74
Courses and students......Page 78
Methods......Page 82
Effects......Page 83
OTHER APPROACHES......Page 87
AFRICA......Page 88
LATIN AMERICA......Page 93
REGIONAL UNIVERSITIES......Page 94
CONCLUSION......Page 96
6 Costs: what the figures say......Page 98
BASIC EDUCATION......Page 100
SCHOOLING......Page 102
TEACHER EDUCATION......Page 106
HIGHER EDUCATION......Page 109
DETERMINANTS OF COST......Page 112
CONCLUSION......Page 114
BROADCASTING AND TELECONFERENCING......Page 115
MIXING THE MEDIA......Page 116
Computers in distance education......Page 118
The African Virtual University......Page 120
Satellites......Page 121
POLICY ISSUES......Page 122
CONCLUSION......Page 123
8 Globalisation: and culture follows trade......Page 125
THE FUNDING AGENCIES......Page 126
THE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS......Page 131
THE UNIVERSITIES......Page 135
THE INVISIBLE COLLEGES......Page 137
CONCLUSION......Page 141
9 Political economy: who benefits, who pays?......Page 143
EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES: IDEOLOGY, ECONOMY, POLITICS......Page 144
AUDIENCES......Page 145
POLICY STATEMENTS......Page 146
GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE......Page 149
CONCLUSION......Page 152
10 Legitimacy: a solution or a problem......Page 154
PERFORMANCE......Page 155
ADEQUACY......Page 156
PROCESS......Page 158
CONCLUSION......Page 160
Annex: Currency values......Page 162
Notes......Page 164
Bibliography......Page 169
Index......Page 179