On the use of VLF measurements for obtaining information on the lower ionosphere (especially during solar flares)

Study of the ionospheric TEC using GPS d

Study of the ionospheric TEC using GPS during the large solar flare burst on Nov. 6, 1997

✍ Donghe Zhang; Zuo Xiao 📂 Article 📅 2000 🏛 Springer 🌐 English ⚖ 303 KB

A note on the use of absorption measurem

A note on the use of absorption measurements for improving the IRI electron density distribution in the lower ionosphere

✍ K.B. Serafimov; M.K. Serafimova; K. Rawer; Y.V. Ramanamurty 📂 Article 📅 1985 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 406 KB

Saliva and serum samples were collected

Saliva and serum samples were collected from eight healthy volunteers every two hours during a 26-hour period. Melatonin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay after chloroform extraction using radioiodinated melatonin as a tracer. Five of the subjects had high serum melatonin levels at night (peak levels higher than 75 pg/ml); in three subjects the highest serum melatonin concentration was 20-40 pg/ml. All subjects had low levels (P <0.001, was obtained for all detectable value pairs (n= 73). The regression and correlation coefficients were almost equal for the peak values of melatonin and during the rising and descending phases of the secretion patterns. However, no significant correlation was found between low daytime salivary and serum concentrations when calculated separately. In the five high-secretors the melatonin levels in saliva reflected reliably the changes in serum, but in the three low-secretors the correlation between salivary and serum melatonin was not significant. The proportion of melatonin found in saliva decreased with increasing serum melatonin levels. Circadian rhythm parameters were estimated by single cosinor analysis. The acrophases did not differ significantly within a subject in the concomitant measurements of serum and salivary melatonin. The measurements of salivary melatonin levels seem valid for studies on melatonin rhythms, but the melatonin concentrations measured in saliva do not always consistently reflect the absolute concentrations in blood.

✍ Maija-Liisa Laakso; Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen; Aino Alila; Dag Stenberg; Gunnar Joh 📂 Article 📅 1990 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 622 KB

MAGNA CARTAThe Great CharterPreamble

📂 Fiction 🌐 English ⚖ 11 KB 👁 18 views