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On the polarization of ion-exchange membrane fuel cells

✍ Scribed by Y. Matsuda; J. Shiokawa; H. Tamura; T. Ishino


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1967
Tongue
English
Weight
382 KB
Volume
12
Category
Article
ISSN
0013-4686

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✦ Synopsis


The polarization characteristics of ion-exchange membrane fuel cells operating with hydrogen and oxygen were studied. During operation, activation polarization at low current densities was observed at the oxygen electrode for both anion-and cation-exchange membrane fuel cells. Concentration polarization of an anion-exchange membrane fuel cell was mainly observed at the hydrogen electrode, and in the case of a cation-exchange membrane cell, at the oxygen electrode. The concentration polarization is caused by the slow diffusion rates of hydroxyl or hydrogen ions in the membrane. Larger limiting currents at elevated temperature are made possible by the rise in diffusion rates of the ions in the membrane. R&m&-Etude des caract&istiques de la polarisation des piles B combustible B membrane Cchangeuse d'ions, fonctionnant sous hydrogbne et oxygkne. Pendant le fonctionnement, on a observC une polarisation d'activation pour de faibles den&s de courant, a l'tlectrode B oxygkne sur des piles g combustible & membrane Cchangeuse z3 la fois d'anions et de cations. On a par ailleurs observb une polarisation de concentration principalement ii l%lectrode & hydrogline avec une pile B combustible zi membrane khangeuse d'anions et a l'tlectrode & oxyg&ne avec une pile g membrane 6changeuse de cations. Cette polarisation de concentration est due aux vitesses lentes de diffusion des ions hydroxyle ou hydrog&ne a travers la membrane. Des courants limites accrus sont obtenus ii temp&ature Clev&e, grlce & un accroissement des vitesses de diffusion des ions B travers la membrane. Zusammenfass~g-Man untersuchte das Polarisationsverhalten von Sauerstoff/Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellen mit Ionenaustauscher-Diaphragma. W&rend des Betriebs wurde bei kleinen Stromdichten Aktivierungsiiberspannung an der Sauerstoffelektrode sowohl fiir Anlonen-wie such Kationemnembranen enthaltende Zellen festgestellt. Bei Brennstoffzellen mit anionischer Membran beobachtete man Konzentrationsiiberspannung haupts&hlich an der Wasserstoffelektrode, im Falle der Zellen mit kationischer Membran an der Sauerstoffelektrode. Die Konzentrationspolarisation wird durch die langsamen Diffusionsgeschwindigkeiten der Hydroxyl-bzw. Wasserstoffionen in der Membrane hervorgerufen. Durch Temperaturerhiihung ergaben sich hiihere Grenzstriime infolge der Zunahme der Diffusionsgeschwindigkeiten in der Membran.


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