A personal computer-based on-line monitoring and controlling system was developed for the fermentation of microorganism. The on-line HPLC system for the analysis of glucose and ethanol in the fermentation broth was connected to the fermenter via an auto-sampling equipment, which could perform the pi
On-line tools for microscopic and macroscopic monitoring of microwave processing
β Scribed by S. Vaucher; P. Unifantowicz; C. Ricard; L Dubois; M. Kuball; J.-M. Catala-Civera; D. Bernard; M. Stampanoni; R. Nicula
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2007
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 835 KB
- Volume
- 398
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0921-4526
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β¦ Synopsis
Direct monitoring of temperature, chemistry and microstructure is required to understand microwave heating in more detail, in order to fully exploit the unique features this non-equilibrium processing method can offer. In this paper, we show first that microwave radiometry can be used to follow volumetrically the thermal trajectory of microwave-heated aluminium powder. In-situ Raman spectroscopy is then shown to evidence thermal gradients between diamond and silicon grains in a binary powder mixture. Finally, perspectives and preliminary results of microstructural analysis obtained from X-ray microtomography are presented.
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