Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes: A Life Course perspective (Life Course Research and Social Policies, 14)

✍ Scribed by Nathalie Burnay (editor), Jim Ogg (editor), Clary Krekula (editor), Patricia Vendramin (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 220
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This open access book addresses the important and neglected question of older workers who are excluded from the labour market. It challenges post-capitalist discourses of active ageing with a focus on restrictive end-of-career and retirement measures. The book demonstrates how a paradigm shift is generating real processes of exclusion for important sectors of the population. By providing strong empirical evidence from different contexts, the impact of different life course trajectories on the risks and the opportunities at the end of career are demonstrated. The organisation of workplace and institutional frameworks which reinforce inequalities are also presented. As such the book is an essential reading for students, academics and policy makers who seek to understand how exclusion processes operate to the disadvantage of older workers in the labour market.

✦ Table of Contents

Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Editors
Chapter 1: Introduction
A Context of Extending Working Life
A Life Course Perspective
The Gender and Work Sustainability Dimensions of Extended Working Life
Presentation of the Book
References
Chapter 2: Gender, Transitions and Turning Points: The Life Course and Older Workers’ Trajectories in Different US Occupations
Introduction
Policy Context in the United States
Paid Caregivers
Janitors
Teachers
Precarious Employment
Physically Demanding Work
Life Course Perspective on Extended Working Life
Methods
Profile
Transitions and Turning Points: Legacies of Early Adulthood
Work-Life Trajectories
Janitors
Paid Caregivers
Teachers: Stable Work-Life Trajectories and Secure Employment
Health
Current Working Conditions, Earnings and Pension Prospects
Pensions
Views on Extended Working Life
Discussion
Policy Implications
References
Chapter 3: The Loss of Work Motivation Among Older Male Employees: Critical Perspectives to Policies Aimed at Extending Working Life in Finland
Introduction
Recent Changes in the Finnish Pension System
Key Determinants of Early Retirement and Post-retirement Working
Materials and Methods
Results
Metal Workers
Occupational Identity and the Meaning of Work
Health
Income
Engineers
Occupational Identity and the Meaning of Work
Health
Income
Discussion
References
Chapter 4: Transitions into Precarity at Work Among Older Men in the Metal Industry in Portugal and Sweden
Introduction
Older Workers in a Precarious Labour Market
Transitions, the Life Course and Social Change
Context, Methods and Material
Precariousness and Disadvantage in Portugal
Age Management, Work Strain and “Obsolescence”
Redundancy and Precarity
Precarious Work Lives Asynchronous with Global Labour Market Changes in Sweden
A Precarious Form of Employment
Transition towards Precarious Employment
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 5: Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania
The Socio-economic Context of Albania
The Public Employment Policies
The Work-Life Balance
Health
Transition from Work to Retirement
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 6: Attitudes Towards Older People in the Labour Market and in Politics: A Cross-National Comparison
Introduction
Characteristics Attributed to Older People
Assessment of the Situation of Older People
Readiness to Accept Older People on the Labour Market
Conclusions
Appendix (Description of Variables Used in Questionnaire WVS 2012)
References
Chapter 7: Sustainable Work in an Ageing Perspective, Gender and Working Life Course
Introduction
Sustainable Work Over the Working Life Course
Short Overview of Women and Men Working in Career Wind-Down
Financial Security, Career Paths and Retirement
Arduous Work and Gender – Differential Long-Term Effects
The Impact of Unpaid Work on Ageing Workers
Discussion
References
Chapter 8: Working Conditions and Retirement Preferences: The Role of Health and Subjective Age as Mediating Variables in the Association of Poor Job Quality with Early Retirement
Introduction
Theoretical Model
Data
Measures and Plan of Analysis
Descriptive Results
Multivariate Results
The Association of Health with Subjective Age
The Association of Working Conditions with Subjective Age
Health as a Mediator?
The Determinants of Retirement Preferences
Health and Subjective Age as Mediators?
Summary of Results
Strength and Limitations
Conclusions
Appendix
References
Chapter 9: Health, Working Conditions and Retirement
Introduction
Working Conditions as Determinants of Retirement
Theoretical Notions
Prior Findings: How Does Work Determine Retirement?
The Health Effect of Retirement
Theoretical Notions
Prior Findings: How Does Work Before Retirement Moderate the Relation Between Retirement and Health?
Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
References
Chapter 10: From Early Retirement to Extending Working Life: Institutionalisation and Standardization at the End of Career in Belgium
The Belgian Context
Evolution of the Belgian Institutional Model: Towards a Form of De-institutionalisation of Life Courses?
From De-institutionalisation of Life Courses to De-standardisation?
From Early Exit to Extended Working Life
Data
Results
Leaving the Labour Market: Between Constraint and Opportunity
What About Bridge Employment in Belgium?
Discussion and Conclusions
Appendix 1: Number of Respondents According to the Modalities of the Variables Used in the Models
References
Chapter 11: Social Exclusion in Later Life, Evidence from the European Social Survey
Introduction
Background
Conceptual Framework
Measuring Social Exclusion
Data Source and Samples
Methodology: The Social Exclusion Indexes
Results
Social Exclusion of Birth Cohort 1945–1953
Social Exclusion Non-cohort Analysis
Conclusion
Appendix
References
Conclusion