Occupational Therapy for Older People

✍ Scribed by Christian Pozzi (editor), Alessandro Lanzoni (editor), Maud J. L. Graff (editor), Alessandro Morandi (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 169
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book focuses on evidence-based occupational therapy in the care of older adults in different clinical settings, from home to acute hospital, from intensive care unit to rehabilitation centers and nursing homes. Occupational therapy has progressively developed as a new discipline aiming to improve the daily life of individuals of different ages, from children to older adults. 

The book first reviews the interaction between occupational therapy and geriatrics and then discusses in depth how occupational therapy interventions are applied in the community, in the acute hospital and in the nursing home. It highlights the key role of occupational therapy in the management of frail patients, including critically ill older patients and persons with dementia, and describes in detail how to maintain occupational therapy interventions across different settings to avoid the fragmentation of care.

The ageing population requires new innovative approaches to improve the quality of life, and as such this book provides clinicians with handy, key information on how to implement occupational therapy in the daily clinical care of older adults based on the current scientific evidence. 

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
1: Introduction
1.1 Geriatric Care Needs Different Professional Approaches: The Role of Occupational Therapists
1.2 The Importance of Networks for Visibility and Availability of Occupational Therapy Across Europe
References
2: Team, Occupational Therapist and Geriatrician
2.1 Introduction and Background
2.2 The Model of Chronic Care and Integrated Care
2.2.1 A New Paradigm of Care for Older People
2.2.2 The Models of CGA and Geriatric Care
2.2.3 Delivering Integrated Care to Patients with Chronic Diseases
2.3 The Occupational Therapist Within the Geriatric Team
2.3.1 What Is a Team?
2.3.2 Organizational Aspects: How Interdisciplinary Meetings Should Work
2.3.3 Workforce and Talent: The Successful Team
2.3.4 Team Dysfunctions and Cycles in Time
2.3.5 Teamwork Within Integrated Care
2.3.6 Role of the Occupational Therapist Within the Team
2.4 Main Occupation-Based Practice Models
2.4.1 Two Internationally Recognized Occupational Therapy Conceptual Models: The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) and the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E)
2.4.2 Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
2.4.3 Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E)
2.4.4 Evolution of Occupational Therapy Practice
2.5 Conclusion
References
3: Occupational Therapy in the Community
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Community-Based Occupational Therapy in Healthy and Frail Elderly
3.2.1 Background
3.2.2 Healthy Ageing for the Well Elderly Through Prevention
3.2.3 Treatment and Intervention of the Frail Elderly Through Home-Based Occupational Therapy Services
3.2.4 Assessment
3.2.5 Treatment
3.3 The Community Occupational Therapy in Dementia Programme (COTiD-Programme)
3.3.1 Background
3.3.2 Content of the COTiD Programme
3.3.3 National and Cross-National Implementation
3.4 Community Occupational Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease
3.4.1 Background
3.4.2 Content of the OTiP-Intervention
3.4.2.1 The Assessment Phase
3.4.2.2 Collaborative Goal Setting and Treatment Planning
3.4.2.3 Treatment Phase
3.4.3 Implementation
3.5 Dementia Friendly Communities
3.5.1 Background
3.5.2 Dementia Friendly Communities in Italy
3.5.3 Dementia Friendly Communities in the Netherlands
3.5.4 Dementia Friendly Communities in the United States
3.5.5 The Role of Occupational Therapy in DFC
References
4: Occupational Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit
4.1 Introduction and Background
4.2 Long-Term Outcomes After Critical Illness and Post-Intensive Care Syndrome
4.3 The International Classification of Functionality, Disability, and Health (ICF)
4.4 The Role of Occupational Therapy in Critical Illness
4.4.1 Assessing the Patient with Critical Illness
4.4.2 Pre-Illness Functional Status
4.4.3 Tools to Assess Pre-illness Cognitive Function
4.4.4 Tools to Assess Pre-illness Disability
4.4.5 Functional Status During Critical Illness
4.4.5.1 Pain Assessment
4.4.5.2 Level of Consciousness Assessment
4.4.5.3 Delirium Assessment
4.4.5.4 Physical Function Assessment
4.4.5.5 Assessing Activities of Daily Living
4.5 OT-Directed Interventions to Reduce Delirium
4.5.1 OT Interventions for Reducing Immobility
4.5.2 Assessing Safety for Early Mobility and Rehabilitation
4.5.3 Early Mobility and Rehabilitation Protocols
4.5.4 Example Progressive Mobility Protocol
4.6 Conclusion
References
5: Occupational Therapy in Rehabilitation Settings
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Rehabilitation Settings
5.3 Rehabilitation of Geriatric People: The Role of the Occupational Therapist
5.4 Neurodegenerative Diseases and Complexity Factors
5.4.1 Dementia
5.4.1.1 Assessment
5.4.1.2 Interventions Directed Toward ADL Independence
5.4.1.3 Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms
5.4.2 Parkinson’s Disease
5.4.2.1 Assessment
5.4.2.2 Intervention
5.4.3 Delirium
5.4.3.1 Assessment
5.4.3.2 Intervention
5.5 Hip Fractures and Other Fragility Fractures
5.5.1 Acute Stage of Orthogeriatrics
5.5.2 Assessment
5.5.2.1 Intervention
5.5.2.2 Special Considerations
5.5.2.3 Discharge
5.6 Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury
5.6.1 Assessment
5.6.2 Intervention
5.6.2.1 Patients with Minimal Outcomes
5.6.2.2 Patients with Moderate to Severe Outcomes
5.6.2.3 Key Elements in Therapeutic Use of Activity in Stroke Rehabilitation
5.6.3 Special Considerations
5.6.3.1 Planning Discharge from Rehabilitation to Home
References
6: Occupational Therapy in Nursing Home
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Importance of Activities and Social Engagement and the Role of the Occupational Therapist for Older People with Dementia in Nursing Homes
6.3 Meaningful Activity Refers to a Range of Activities (Physical, Social, Cognitive, Leisure Activities) Tailored to a Person’s Needs and Preferences
6.3.1 Which Kind of Activities Are Recommended Regarding Different Stage of Dementia?
6.4 Role of Occupational Therapy in Managing Challenging Behavior of People with Dementia in Nursing Home
6.5 Focus on Dementia and BPSD: The Tailor Activity Program (T.A.P.)
6.5.1 Why Do Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia Occur?
6.5.2 What Is the Role of Occupational Therapists?
6.5.3 The Tailored Activity Program
6.6 Multi-Sensory Approach in Nursing Homes: Point of View
6.6.1 Evidence Underpinning the Use of Multisensory Environments for Older Adults
6.6.2 Assessment
6.6.3 Running a Multisensory Environment Session in a Care Home
6.6.4 The Environment
References
7: Occupational Therapy and Palliative Care
7.1 Introduction: The Philosophy of Palliative Care
7.2 Background: Review of the Literature on Palliative Care and Occupational Therapy
7.3 The Application of Occupational Therapy in Palliative Care: An Example
7.4 The Living Will and the Advance Care Planning: Focus on Italy
7.4.1 The Italian Law on Provisions for Informed Consent and Advance Directives
References
8: The Present and the Future of Occupational Therapy
8.1 Introduction and Background
8.2 The Interaction Between Occupational Therapy and Social Aspect in the Elderly
8.2.1 The Assessment of Social Aspects in Occupational Therapy
8.2.2 Caregiver Adaptation: Promoting Health in Occupational Therapy
8.2.3 Loneliness, Boredom and Occupational Therapy
8.3 Technology and Older Adults
8.3.1 What Is Assistive Technology
8.3.2 The Classification of the Information and Communication Technologies
8.3.3 Barriers and Acceptance of Technology in the Elderly
8.4 Evidence-Based Practice in Occupational Therapy: The Need for Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) and Other Research Studies
8.4.1 Barriers to RCTs in Occupational Therapy
8.4.2 Specific Issues Related to RCTs in the Field of Occupational Therapy
8.4.3 Recommendations
References