Observing the Quantization of Zero Mass Carriers in Graphene

✍ Scribed by Miller, D. L.; Kubista, K. D.; Rutter, G. M.; Ruan, M.; de Heer, W. A.; First, P. N.; Stroscio, J. A.

• Book ID: 121753949
• Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 628 KB
• Volume: 324
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0036-8075
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1171810

✦ Synopsis

Resolving Landau Levels in Graphene

The charge carriers in a two-dimensional conductor, when placed in a magnetic field, can develop an additional set of quantized energy levels. These Landau levels correspond to the carriers now moving in cyclotron orbits. In graphene, which consists of single-atom-thick sheets of graphite, an unusual set of Landau levels with nonequal energy spacing can develop in graphene layers that have undergone symmetry breaking caused by rotation between adjacent layers.
Miller
et al.
(p.
924
) used scanning tunneling microscopy at cryogenic temperatures to map out Landau levels in graphene grown on silicon carbide with high energy and momentum resolution, including the characteristic level in graphene that can occur at zero energy.