Nutrient contents, rumen protein degradability and antinutritional factors in some colour- and white-flowering cultivars ofVicia faba beans
✍ Scribed by Makkar, Harinder P S; Becker, Klaus; Abel, Hj; Pawelzik, Elke
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1997
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 219 KB
- Volume
- 75
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0022-5142
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✦ Synopsis
Six colour-Ñowering (Scirocco, Alfred, Carola, Condor, Tina and Herz Freya)
and six white-Ñowering (Caspar, Albatros, Gloria, Tyrol, Vasco and Cresta) cultivars of V icia faba were studied. The crude protein contents of colour-and white-Ñowering cultivars were 267 ^13É6 and 283 ^18É8 g kg~1, respectively, which did not di †er signiÐcantly at P \ 0É05. The levels of lipids, crude Ðbre, starch and ash varied from 14 to 22 g kg~1, 88 to 143 g kg~1, 407 to 485 g kg~1 and 32 to 42 g kg~1, respectively. The calculated organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolisable energy (ME) of the white-Ñowering cultivars were signiÐcantly higher (P \ 0É001) than those of the colour-Ñowering cultivars (OMD : 889É1 ^26É6 g kg~1 vs 797É5 ^17É1 g kg~1 ; ME: 13É97 ^0É49 vs 12É30 ^0É34 MJ kg~1). In all cultivars, sulphur amino acids were lower than adequate concentration when compared with recommended amino acid pattern of FAO/WHO/UNO reference protein for a 2È5-year-old child. The in vitro rumen nitrogen degradability of colour-Ñowering cultivars was signiÐcantly lower (P \ 0É01) compared to that of white-Ñowering cultivars (71É4 ^9É3% vs 88É0 ^11É1%). Amongst colour-Ñowering varieties, the contents of total phenols (TP), tannins (T) and condensed tannins (CT) were highest in Alfred (28É3, 21É0 and 35É4 g kg~1, respectively). The contents of TP and T were similar (about 15 and 10 g kg~1, respectively) in Carola, Tina and Herz Freya, and the CT were in the order : Condor [ Herz Freya [ Carola. The CT were not detected in white-Ñowering varieties, T were virtually absent and TP were extremely low (4É0È 4É9 g kg~1). The activities of other antinutritional factors (white-and colour-Ñowering cultivars, respectively : trypsin inhibitor activity 3É05 ^0É34 and 1É85 ^0É09 mg trypsin inhibited g~1 ; lectin 27É2 ^9É4 and 27É1 ^5É1 mg ml~1 assay medium producing haemagglutination ; phytate 15É0 ^2É7 and 16É6 ^2É3 g kg~1) were very low. A strong negative correlation (r \ [0É92, P \ 0É001) between tannins and in vitro rumen protein degradability was observed which suggested that tannins have adverse e †ect on protein degradability. Similarly negative correlations between tannin levels and metabolisable energy (r \ [0É89 ; P \ 0É001) and organic matter digestibility (r \ [0É89 ; P \ 0É001) were observed. The correlation coefficient between trypsin inhibitor activity and tannins was negative and highly signiÐcant (r \ [0É88, P \ 0É001), whereas between tannins and saponins it was signiÐcantly positive (r \ 0É96, P \ 0É001).