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Nonmotor manifestations of dystonia: A systematic review

✍ Scribed by Daniel J. Kuyper; Veronica Parra; Shanae Aerts; Michael S. Okun; Benzi M. Kluger


Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2011
Tongue
English
Weight
139 KB
Volume
26
Category
Article
ISSN
0885-3185

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✦ Synopsis


Abstract

Nonmotor symptoms are increasingly recognized as important determinants of quality of life and disability in a wide range of movement disorders. There is a limited body of research suggesting that many of these symptoms are also commonly associated with primary and other genetic forms of dystonia. However, the significance, etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of these symptoms remain poorly described. The following is a review of the literature that focuses primarily on the association of these types of dystonia with psychiatric disorders, cognition, sleep, pain, and autonomic symptoms. We will also discuss potential mechanisms and approaches to treatment for nonmotor features of dystonia. Β© 2011 Movement Disorder Society


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