Nonlinear Dynamics in Human Behavior

✍ Scribed by Huys, Raoul; Jirsa, Viktor K

• Publisher: Springer Berlin
• Year: 2013
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 216
• Series: Studies in Computational Intelligence 328
• Edition: 1., 2011
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

In this volume, first we formulate a framework of fuzzy types to represent both partial truth and uncertainty about concept and relation types in conceptual graphs. Like fuzzy attribute values, fuzzy types also form a lattice laying a common ground for lattice-based computation of fuzzy granules. Second, for automated reasoning with fuzzy conceptual graphs, we develop foundations of order-sorted fuzzy set logic programming, extending the theory of annotated logic programs of Kifer and Subrahmanian (1992). Third, we show some recent applications of fuzzy conceptual graphs to modelling and computing with generally quantified statements, approximate knowledge retrieval, and natural language query understanding.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Front Matter......Page 2
The Verbal Transformation Effect......Page 4
Stable Activation States in the Absence of Stimulation......Page 6
Linear Systems......Page 9
Stabilization of Activation within Detector Ensembles......Page 14
Objects and Feature Integration......Page 20
Spontaneous Switching......Page 22
Hysteresis......Page 23
References......Page 25
Nonlinear Systems......Page 27
Probability Distribution and Density......Page 3
A Dynamical Systems Approach......Page 5
One-Dimensional Dynamical Systems......Page 8
Nonlinear Systems: First Steps......Page 11
Potential Functions......Page 13
Discussion......Page 15
Bifurcation Types......Page 16
Rates of Change in Activation......Page 18
Perceptual Selection of the Favored Stimulus Alternative......Page 19
Linear Systems and their Classification......Page 21
Conclusion......Page 24
Perceptual Thresholds, Perceptual Stability and Uncertainty......Page 10
Dynamics of Vowel Perception and Imitation......Page 7
References......Page 12
References......Page 17
Limit Cycles......Page 29
Hopf Bifurcation......Page 30
Potential Functions in Two-Dimensional Systems......Page 32
Oscillators......Page 34
Introduction......Page 41
Probability......Page 42
Mean and Expectation Values......Page 43
Stochastic Dynamics......Page 45
Time-Dependent Probability Density Functions......Page 48
Example: The HKB-Model......Page 49
Spurious Drift in the Amplitude Dynamics of a Limit Cycle Oscillator......Page 51
Periodically Forced Potentials – Stochastic Resonance and More......Page 53
System Identification......Page 55
Drift and Diffusion Coefficients......Page 56
Markov Properties and the Chapman-Kolmogorov Test......Page 58
Rhythmic Movements......Page 59
HKB-Bifurcation – Real Data......Page 60
Posture – Center-of-Pressure Dynamics......Page 61
Summary......Page 63
References......Page 64
Introduction......Page 75
The Birth of the Dynamical Perspective......Page 76
The Empirical Study of Rhythmic Movements as Limit Cycles......Page 79
Rhythmic Movements under Precision Requirements......Page 82
Perspectives Incorporating Discrete Movements......Page 84
Phase Flows and Topologies......Page 85
In Conclusion......Page 90
References......Page 92
Introduction......Page 97
Coordination Depends on Intrinsic Dynamics and Coupling......Page 100
Effect of the Coupling......Page 101
Effect of the Intrinsic Dynamics......Page 102
Extracting Principles Underlying the Formation of Coordinative Patterns: Convergence and Divergence......Page 109
Experimental Evidence for Convergence/Divergence in Perception–Action......Page 110
Formalization of Convergence/Divergence in the State Space......Page 112
Conclusions......Page 118
Dynamical Systems Theory......Page 121
Positional Control and Equilibrium Point Theory......Page 124
Force Control and Computational Theory......Page 127
Mapping between Movements and Control Signals......Page 131
Internal Models versus Look Up Tables......Page 135
References......Page 138
Introduction......Page 141
Nonlinearity......Page 142
Context Sensitivity......Page 144
Stability and Flexibility......Page 145
Dynamics of Vowel Perception and Imitation......Page 147
Dynamics of Consonant Perception: English and French......Page 149
References......Page 154
A Neural Basis for Perceptual Dynamics......Page 157
Perceptual Stability: Natural or Otherwise......Page 158
Neural Stabilization......Page 160
The Biophysical Basis of Neural Stabilization......Page 161
The Core Dynamical Concept......Page 162
Response to Stimulation......Page 164
Perceptual Thresholds, Perceptual Stability and Uncertainty......Page 166
Neural Connectivity......Page 167
Interaction......Page 168
Detection Instability......Page 169
Stabilization of Activation within Detector Ensembles......Page 170
Perceptual Bistability......Page 171
Rates of Change in Activation......Page 174
Perceptual Selection of the Favored Stimulus Alternative......Page 175
Perceptual Selection of the Unfavored Stimulus Alternative......Page 176
Spontaneous Switching......Page 178
Hysteresis......Page 179
Conclusion......Page 180
References......Page 181
Ambiguous Figures......Page 184
The Verbal Transformation Effect......Page 187
3D Vision and Autostereograms......Page 188
The Leaning Tower of Pisa Illusion......Page 191
References......Page 195
Introduction......Page 197
Tonality......Page 198
A Dynamical Systems Approach......Page 201
Predicting Tonality......Page 204
Discussion......Page 211
References......Page 213
Back Matter......Page 216