Background: Endothelial dysfunction is considered the first stage in the development of atherosclerosis. Brachial artery flowβmediated dilatation (FMD) has been used to assess endothelial dysfunction. An impaired FMD response may reflect a vascular phenotype prone to atherosclerosis. The thickness of the common carotid intimaβmedia (CIMT) as measured by ultrasound represents a marker of structural atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that color Mβmode propagation velocity measured along the origin of descending thoracic aorta (AVP) may reflect atherosclerosis. In this study, the effects of isolated hypertension on these atherosclerosis markers are investigated. Methods: Fifty patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and forty healthy people were enrolled. Patients were evaluated with transthoracic echocardiography. Diastolic functions were evaluated by transmitral filling parameters of deceleration time (DT), E/A ratio, and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT). Carotid intimaβmedia thickness, FMD, and AVP were measured. Results: Age, gender, and BMI of both groups were similar. Compared to control group CIMT, DT and IVRT values were significantly higher, and FMD and AVP values were significantly lower in hypertensive patients. There were significant correlations between AVP and CIMT (r =β0.699, P < 0.001), AVP and FMD (r = 0.400, P < 0.001), and FMD and CIMT (r =β0.600, P < 0.001). Carotid intimaβmedia thickness, AVP, and FMD were significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures and DT and IVRT. Conclusions: In patients with isolated hypertension, AVP and FMD decrease and CIMT increases. In addition, CIMT is inversely correlated with AVP and FMD, and AVP is directly correlated with FMD. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY 2010;27:155β160)