𝔖 Bobbio Scriptorium
✦   LIBER   ✦

Nitrosative stress in primary glial cultures after induction of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS)

✍ Scribed by Heiko Noack; Heiko Possel; Shampa Chatterjee; Gerburg Keilhoff; Gerald Wolf

Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2000
Tongue
English
Weight
395 KB
Volume
148
Category
Article
ISSN
0300-483X

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

Primary glial cultures are able to express the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and g-interferon (g-IfN). Immunocytochemical studies revealed, that under our experimental conditions i-NOS is expressed exclusively by the microglial cells and not in the astrocytes. Nitric oxide (NO) formation represents an oxidative load for the microglial cells, as observed by the oxidation rate of the ROSand peroxynitrite indicator dichloro-dihydrofluorescein (DCF-H) in these cells. However, cell viability was not affected by the nitric oxide formation, indicating some form of protection against the higher oxidative load. Upregulation of Mn-SOD in the mitochondria in the course of the induction of i-NOS and, compared to the astrocytes, higher GSH levels in the microglial cells probably explain the resistance of the cultures against nitrosative stress. Increased SOD-activities in the mitochondria could lower the superoxide concentration in this organelle and may prevent an oxidative and/or nitrosative damage via a decreased peroxynitrite formation. The higher GSH-levels in the microglial cells of unstimulated cultures represents a buffer which, under the conditions of i-NOS catalyzed NO-formation, prevents a decline of the microglial GSH-levels below that of the astrocytes.

📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES

Peroxynitrite mediated damage and lowere
Peroxynitrite mediated damage and lowered superoxide tolerance in primary cortical glial cultures after induction of the inducible isoform of NOS
✍ Heiko Noack; Heiko Possel; Christoph Rethfeldt; Gerburg Keilhoff; Gerald Wolf 📂 Article 📅 1999 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 603 KB

The effect of the induction of i-NOS in primary glial cultures was studied with respect to the protein levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes and the cytotoxicity of nitric oxide ( и NO) formation at different levels of artificially generated superoxide. Stimulation of the cultur

Protective role of the cytokine-inducibl
Protective role of the cytokine-inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase induction and nitrosative stress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis of the DA rat
✍ Kai G. Kahl; Jürgen Zielasek; L. Otto Uttenthal; Jose Rodrigo; Klaus V. Toyka; H 📂 Article 📅 2003 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 244 KB

## Abstract The pathogenic role of nitric oxide (NO) in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains controversial. Some groups have reported a pathogenic role of NO in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of some aspects of MS, whereas we and others have found a disease‐suppressive

BH4 (tetrahydrobiopterin)-dependent acti
BH4 (tetrahydrobiopterin)-dependent activation, but not the expression, of inducible NOS (nitric oxide synthase)-2 in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated, cultured normal human astrocytes is mediated by MEK–ERK kinases
✍ Anna Chiarini; Ilaria Dal Pra; Rossella Gottardo; Federica Bortolotti; James F. 📂 Article 📅 2005 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 321 KB 👁 2 views

## Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) from astrocytes is one of the signalers used by the brain's extensive glial‐neuronal‐vascular network, but its excessive production by pro‐inflammatory cytokine‐stimulated glial cells can be cytodestructive. Here, we show how three pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, TN