An Outline of the Status and Perspective of Multicriteria Decision Analysis......Page 6
Aims and Scope......Page 7
Organization......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 11
Contents......Page 12
Contributors......Page 14
Basic Notions and Methods......Page 17
New Trends in Preference, Utility, and Choice: From a Mono-approach to a Multi-approach......Page 18
1 Introduction......Page 19
2.1 The Two Classical Tenets of Rationality......Page 21
2.2 Preference Modeling......Page 24
2.3 Utility Representations......Page 26
2.4 Choice Rationalization......Page 30
3.1 Utilities with Lexicographic Codomains......Page 34
3.2 Universal Semiorders......Page 37
3.3 (m,n)-Ferrers Preferences......Page 40
3.4 (m,n)-Rationalizable Choices......Page 45
3.5 Resolutions of Choices......Page 48
4.1 Bi-preferences......Page 53
4.2 Necessary and Possible Preferences......Page 59
4.3 Multiple and Modal Utility Representations......Page 66
4.4 Multi-rationalizable Choices......Page 69
4.5 Multiple, Iterated, and Hierarchical Resolutions of Choices......Page 80
5 Conclusion......Page 83
References......Page 86
1 Introduction......Page 96
2 Problem Modelling......Page 97
3 Pair-Wise Comparisons......Page 98
4 Priorities Derivation......Page 99
5 Consistency......Page 100
6 Reducing the€Number of€Pairwise Comparisons......Page 101
8 Analytic Network Process......Page 102
9 AHPSort......Page 103
10 Visualisation......Page 104
References......Page 105
1 Introduction......Page 109
2 A Brief Reminder About the PROMETHEE I and II Rankings......Page 110
3.1 PROMETHEE TRI and PROMETHEE CLUSTER......Page 114
3.2 Discussion......Page 115
4 PROMETHEE for Sorting: The FlowSort Method......Page 116
5 PROMETHEE for Clustering......Page 119
5.1 PCLUST......Page 121
5.2 An Approach Based on a Hierarchical Procedure......Page 122
5.3 Multicriteria Clustering Quality indicators......Page 123
6 Conclusion and Directions for Future Research......Page 125
References......Page 126
1 Introduction......Page 129
2 The Framework of Preference Disaggregation Analysis......Page 130
2.1 Value Function Models......Page 131
2.2 Outranking Relations......Page 133
3.1 Robustness Issues......Page 135
3.2 Alternative Modeling Forms......Page 137
3.3 Optimization Models and Large-Scale Data......Page 138
References......Page 140
New Aggregation Approaches......Page 145
1 Introduction......Page 146
2 k-Additive Aggregation Functions......Page 147
3 k-Maxitive Aggregation Functions......Page 151
4 Penalty- and Deviation-Based Constructions of Aggregation Functions......Page 154
5 Some Symmetrization Methods......Page 158
References......Page 161
1 Introduction......Page 163
2.1 Multicriteria Decision Making and Conjoint Measurement......Page 164
2.2 Generalized Additive Independence (GAI) Models......Page 165
2.3 Discrete GAI Models......Page 166
2.5 p-Additive Models......Page 167
3 Importance Indices for Discrete Multicriteria Decision Models......Page 169
3.1 How to Define Importance Indices......Page 170
3.2 Values in Game Theory......Page 171
3.3 Signed Importance Indices......Page 172
3.4 Absolute Importance Indices......Page 174
3.5 Norm-Based Importance Indices......Page 176
4.1 Difficulty of the Interpretation of a GAI Model......Page 177
4.2 Monotonicity Conditions......Page 178
4.3 Representation of Monotone 2-Additive GAI Models......Page 179
4.4 Interpretation Through a Canonical Decomposition......Page 183
References......Page 187
New Directions in Ordinal Evaluation: Sugeno Integrals and Beyond......Page 189
1 Introduction: Motivation for Qualitative Evaluation Methods......Page 190
2 Sugeno Integrals......Page 191
2.1 Basic Definitions and Preliminaries......Page 192
2.2 Sugeno Integrals as Lattice Polynomials Under Normal Form......Page 194
2.3 Algebraic and Behavioral Characterizations......Page 196
2.4 Sugeno Integral and Decision Rules......Page 200
3 Extensions......Page 203
3.1 Lexicographic Refinements......Page 204
3.2 Sugeno Utility Functionals......Page 208
3.3 Generalized Sugeno Integrals......Page 210
4 Bipolar Evaluation Methods......Page 215
4.1 The Symmetric Sugeno Integral......Page 217
4.2 Deciding by Evaluating Pros and Cons......Page 223
5.1 Approach by Bracketing Datasets with Standard Sugeno Integrals......Page 230
5.2 Approach by Best Approximation Using Sugeno Utility Functionals......Page 232
6 Conclusion......Page 235
References......Page 236
Goal Programming and Multi-objective Optimization......Page 241
1 Introduction......Page 242
2 A€Literature-Based View of€Goal Programming Variants......Page 243
3 A€Conceptual Distance-Metric Based View of€Goal Programming Variants......Page 246
4 Satisficing Logic and€Bounded Rationality: Some Epistemic Reflections......Page 248
5 Goal Programming and€Bounded Rationality Research Tradition: An€Operational Linkage......Page 249
6 Goal Programming as€an€Engine or€Generator of€Social Choice Functions......Page 253
7 Concluding Remarks......Page 255
References......Page 256
1 Introduction......Page 258
2 Oblique Fuzzy Vectors and Their Use in Linear Functions......Page 260
3.1 Problem Statement......Page 263
3.2 Regret Minimization Model......Page 264
3.3 Formulation Without a Regret Function......Page 267
4 MGP with Target Distributions......Page 271
4.1 Regret Minimization Model......Page 273
4.2 Formulation Without a Regret Function......Page 274
5 Concluding Remarks......Page 276
References......Page 277
Multiobjective Bilevel Programming: Concepts and€Perspectives of€Development......Page 278
1 Introduction......Page 279
2.1 Formulations and€Fundamental Concepts......Page 280
2.2 Classical and€Metaheuristic Methods for€Bilevel with€Multiple Objective Functions......Page 283
3 Bilevel Problems with€Multiple Objective Functions at€the€Upper Level and€a€Single Objective Function at€the€Lower Level......Page 286
4 Bilevel Problems with€Multiple Objective Functions at€the€Lower Level......Page 288
5.1 Network Design, Location and€Transportation Policy......Page 294
5.2 Environmental Management......Page 295
5.5 Energy Systems......Page 296
5.6 Logistics -Production-Distribution Planning......Page 297
6 Perspectives in€Multiobjective Bilevel Programming......Page 298
6.1 Pitfalls......Page 299
6.3 Difficulties of€the€Pessimistic Approach......Page 300
7 Concluding Remarks......Page 301
References......Page 302
Applications......Page 305
Multi-criteria Evaluation in€Public Economics and€Policy......Page 306
1 Introduction......Page 307
2 Cost-Benefit Analysis: Efficiency, Fairness and€Democratic Basis......Page 308
3 Multi-criteria Evaluation: Efficiency, Fairness and€Democratic Basis......Page 310
4 A€Systematic Comparison Between Cost-Benefit Analysis and€Multi-criteria Evaluation According to€Other Seven Criteria......Page 313
References......Page 319
1 Introduction......Page 323
2 Life Cycle Assessment......Page 325
3 Aggregation of€LCA Results......Page 327
4.2 Criteria Selection......Page 329
4.3 Actors to€Be Involved......Page 330
4.4 Criteria Weighting......Page 331
5 Conclusions......Page 333
References......Page 335
The Monitoring of€Social Innovation Projects: An€Integrated Approach......Page 338
1 Introduction......Page 339
2 The Context......Page 340
3 The Knowledge Acquisition Process......Page 342
3.1 A€Cognitive Mapping Approach to€Knowledge Structuring......Page 343
4.1 The Social Innovation Networks......Page 344
4.2 The Multicriteria Evaluation Model......Page 346
5 An€Application......Page 350
5.1 ELECTRE II......Page 351
5.2 Sorting Problem Statement and€ELECTRE Tri......Page 359
6 Conclusions......Page 360
References......Page 361
1 Introduction......Page 363
2 Generation Capacity and€Grid Expansion......Page 366
3 Unit Commitment and€Dispatch with€Focus on€Microgrids......Page 368
4 Resilient Systems—Protection, Restoration and Reconfiguration......Page 370
5 Using Demand-Side Resources......Page 371
6 Electric Vehicles......Page 372
8 Conclusions and€Perspectives......Page 374
References......Page 376
Optimization and€Multicriteria Evaluation of€District Heat Production and€Storage......Page 377
1 Introduction......Page 378
2 Decision Problem......Page 379
2.1 Problem Description......Page 380
2.2 Alternatives......Page 382
2.3 Criteria......Page 385
3 Production Planning Model......Page 388
4.1 SMAA Method......Page 390
4.2 Modelling Uncertainty......Page 392
5.1 Optimal Production Plan for€Alternatives......Page 393
5.2 Criteria Measurements......Page 394
5.3 SMAA Results......Page 395
7 Conclusion......Page 398
References......Page 399
Comparison of Routing Methods in Telecommunication Networks—An Overview and a New Proposal Using a Multi-criteria Approach Dealing with Imprecise Information......Page 403
1.1 Introduction and€Background Concepts......Page 404
1.2 Motivation and€Contents......Page 407
2.1 The Decision Problem......Page 410
2.2 The Multi-attribute VIP Analysis......Page 412
3.1 Main Features of€the€MA Application Model......Page 415
3.2 Experimental Study with€a€Single Decision Maker......Page 417
3.3 Study for€Cooperative Group Decision......Page 424
4 Conclusions and€Further Work......Page 427
Appendix A—Variants of the Bi-criteria Routing Model......Page 429
Appendix B—Results for Decision Maker DM3......Page 431
References......Page 432