โ Scribed by R.H.O.
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New Permanent-Magnet Materials.--Five new permanent-magnet materials, known as cunico, cunife, vectolite, alnico I2 and silmanal, have been announced by the General Electric Company. These new materials have many applications in the manufacture of aircraft instruments, as well as other industrial uses where small, lightweight magnets formed in intricate shapes are required.
Cunico is an alloy of copper, nickel and cobalt. Cunico magnets are made from rod, strip or wire stock, and are furnished only in their final shapes because they are age-hardened in the manufacturing process. Cunico is malleable, ductile and machinable, permitting the manufacture of small magnet screws from this material by ordinary screw machine methods, and the punching of intricate magnet shapes.
Cunife is a copper-nickel-iron alloy which has all the physical properties of cunico, differing in that it has directional properties and must be magnetized only along the direction in which the material has been cold-worked, to obtain highest magnetic quality. Cunife magnets are made from wire stock in round, square or rectangular form. In addition, cunife wire can be flattened to make thin, narrow shapes. A wide variety of magnet designs can be obtained by forming, drawing, punching or machining cunife to shape.
Vectolite is the first non-metallic, non-conducting magnet material ever made. It is a hardened, sintered combination of iron rust and cobalt oxide mixed when still in powder form. Vectolite magnets are extremely light, being non-metallic, and their non-conductive properties prevent electrical losses caused by conduction of current. In addition, they have a high coercive force, or resistance to demagnetizing forces.
Alnico 12 is made up of aluminum, nickel, cobalt, iron and titanium. Magnets made from this material can be used in such applications as in tachometer generators and electronic devices. Alnico I2 magnets are cast, and must be ground to shape.
Silmanal has a high intrinsic coercive force, which makes magnets made from this material useful in instruments where service in strong electrical fields is required. Silmanal isductile and malleable and can be punched, machined, rolled, or ground. Because of its ductility, silmanal can be made in rod, strip or wire form. R. H. O.
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