Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 12
List of abbreviations......Page 16
Freud and the quest for neuropsychoanalysis......Page 18
Function- and localization-based approach to the brain......Page 20
Freud’s search for psychological structure and organization......Page 21
“Neural correlates” and “neural predispositions”......Page 23
The brain’s intrinsic activity as neural predisposition......Page 24
Brain–self and brain–object differentiation......Page 25
Metaphorical excursion: brain, self, and objects......Page 26
Plan of the book: overview of contents......Page 28
Guidance for the reader......Page 31
Acknowledgments......Page 33
Part I: Conceptual Equipment......Page 34
Philosophical concepts......Page 36
Transcendental approach......Page 42
Approach to the brain......Page 48
Philosophical concepts......Page 53
Parallelism between inner and outer sense: Freud, Solms, and the “brain–mental apparatus dilemma”......Page 57
Neurophilosophical concepts......Page 60
Freud’s duality between science and hermeneutics of mind: “concept–fact linkage”......Page 74
Humanities and science: narrow and wider concepts of neuropsychoanalysis......Page 77
Solms’ quest for method: neuropsychodynamic concept–fact iterativity......Page 80
Neuropsychodynamic concept–fact iterativity......Page 82
“Method-based neuropsychoanalysis” versus “result-based neuropsychoanalysis”......Page 99
Part II: Neural Equipment......Page 102
Determination of cathexis......Page 104
Ambiguities in the meaning of cathexis......Page 105
Neuropsychodynamic hypotheses of cathexis......Page 107
Neural structure and organization of the brain and its hierarchical organization......Page 117
Hierarchical organization, “inner–outer dichotomy,” and the ego......Page 120
Predictive coding and cathexis......Page 122
Cathexis as a “neuro-mental bridge concept”......Page 125
Cathexis and intentionality......Page 126
Neuropsychodynamic hypotheses......Page 128
Neuronal–mental transformation and primary and secondary processes......Page 135
“Stimulus–object transformation” and primary and secondary processes......Page 137
Constitutive context dependence and operative intentionality......Page 139
Constitutive context dependence and embeddedness as silent presuppositions in Freud......Page 141
Difference-based coding and Freud’s Project for a Scientific Psychology......Page 144
Neural inhibition and Freud’s Project for a Scientific Psychology......Page 145
Difference-based coding and Solms’ concept of “dynamic localization”......Page 147
Defense mechanisms and internalization......Page 151
Externalization and the “co-occurrence and co-constitution of self and objects”......Page 153
Projection, perception, and object relation......Page 155
Introjection, affect, and self–object relation......Page 156
Rest–stimulus interaction and projection......Page 159
Rest–stimulus interaction and brain–object differentiation......Page 161
Radial–concentric organization and subcortical–cortical systems......Page 162
Stimulus–rest interaction and introjection......Page 165
Rest–rest interaction, neuronal contextualization, and brain–self differentiation......Page 167
Trilateral interaction and the balance between introjection and projection......Page 169
“Hybrid neural activity” and self–object differentiation......Page 171
Methodological issues......Page 174
Acknowledgments......Page 177
Part III: Mental Equipment......Page 178
Psychodynamic concepts......Page 180
Neuropsychodynamic hypotheses......Page 190
Conceptual implication: body, brain, and the existential necessity of narcissism......Page 200
Acknowledgments......Page 202
Psychodynamic concepts......Page 203
Neuropsychodynamic hypotheses......Page 208
Conceptual implication: conceptual specification of consciousness......Page 225
Concept of self in psychoanalysis and neuroscience......Page 229
Subcortical–cortical midline structures and the self as structure rather than content......Page 231
High resting-state activity and the self as constructed rather than innate......Page 235
Self–other continuum in neural activity and the self as relation rather than entity......Page 240
Neuropsychodynamic concepts......Page 243
Part IV: Disordered Equipment......Page 254
Reactivation of early object loss......Page 256
Loss of actual object relations, increased introjection coupled with negative affect, and the “self-object dilemma”......Page 258
Increased self-focus and decreased environment focus......Page 260
Elevated resting-state activity and the reactivation of early object loss......Page 263
Reduced rest–exteroceptive stimulus interaction and abnormal affective assignment of actual objects......Page 268
Reduced rest–stimulus interaction, reduced goal-oriented cognitions, and the loss of actual object relations......Page 271
Imbalance between intero- and exteroceptive processing and increased introjection coupled with negative affect......Page 273
Increased paralimbic–midline activity and the “self-object dilemma”......Page 277
Acknowledgments......Page 280
Lack of energy investment in objects (“decathexis of objects”)......Page 281
Volatile and unstable inner and outer ego boundaries......Page 283
Attunement and “crisis of common sense”......Page 284
Self-objects and affects......Page 286
Self-objects and the fragmentation of the self......Page 288
Subjective and objective self and body......Page 290
“Existential dilemma” and self–object differentiation......Page 291
“Existential dilemma” and compensatory mechanisms......Page 294
Volatile self–object boundaries and early traumatic experiences......Page 295
Volatile self–object boundaries and brain–object differentiation......Page 297
Acknowledgments......Page 299
Loss of object relations and altered neural processing in the sensory cortex......Page 300
Loss of inner self–object boundaries and abnormal rest–rest interaction in the sensory cortex......Page 305
Lack of self-objects and confusion of neural differences in interoceptive, sensory, and cognitive regions......Page 314
Fragmentation of the self and bilateral neural interaction in anterior cortical midline regions......Page 318
“Existential dilemma” and abnormal cortico-cortical neural coupling......Page 324
Volatile self–object boundaries and unstable neural differences in difference-based coding......Page 329
Depression......Page 336
Psychosis......Page 338
Neuroexistential account......Page 340
Transcendental and empirical views of the brain......Page 342
Brain, mind, and the psychic apparatus......Page 343
Knowledge of the brain......Page 345
Subjectivity and the brain......Page 347
Localization and the brain......Page 349
Brain and environment......Page 350
Neural predisposition and difference-based coding......Page 351
Acknowledgments......Page 353
References......Page 354
B......Page 378
D......Page 379
E......Page 380
I......Page 381
N......Page 382
P......Page 383
R......Page 384
S......Page 385
W......Page 386