Научное изучение сетей, включая компьютерные, социальные и биологические получило значительно увеличилось за последние несколько лет. Развитие Интернета и широкая доступность дешевых компьютеров сделали возможным для сбора и анализа данных по сети в крупных масштабах, а также развитие ряда новых теоретических инструментов, позволило извлекать новые знания из различных типов сетей. Изучение сетей привело к важным открытиям во многих областях, включая математику, физику, компьютерные и информационные науки, биологию и социальные науки. Эта книга впервые объединяет наиболее важные прорывы в каждой из этих областей и представляет их. The scientific study of networks, including computer networks, social networks, and biological networks, has received an enormous amount of interest in the last few years. The rise of the Internet and the wide availability of inexpensive computers have made it possible to gather and analyze network data on a large scale, and the development of a variety of new theoretical tools has allowed us to extract new knowledge from many different kinds of networks. The study of networks is broadly interdisciplinary and important developments have occurred in many fields, including mathematics, physics, computer and information sciences, biology, and the social sciences. This book brings together for the first time the most important breakthroughs in each of these fields and presents them in a coherent fashion, highlighting the strong interconnections between work in different areas. Subjects covered include the measurement and structure of networks in many branches of science, methods for analyzing network data, including methods developed in physics, statistics, and sociology, the fundamentals of graph theory, computer algorithms, and spectral methods, mathematical models of networks, including random graph models and generative models, and theories of dynamical processes taking place on networks. |