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Natural occurrence of mycotoxins in broad bean (Vicia faba l.) seeds and their effect on Rhizobium-legume symbiosis

✍ Scribed by A.-L. E. Mahmoud; M. H. Abd-Alla

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1994
Tongue
English
Weight
427 KB
Volume
34
Category
Article
ISSN
0233-111X

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✦ Synopsis

Seeds of faba bean cultivar GIZA 3 were screened for natural presence of mycotoxins. Eleven out of 100 samples were contaminated. Aflatoxins B, and B, were found in 7 samples while aflatoxins B,, B,, G , and G, and ochratoxin A were each detected twice in separate samples. Mycotoxins at concentrations of 100 or 200 pg kg-' soil significantly decreased nodule number, nodule fresh weight and total nitrogenase activity, leading to reductions in dry matter accumulation and nitrogen yield of the bean. Mycotoxins also suppressed specific nitrogenase activity. NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) as well as glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT) activities. In addition, mycotoxins inhibited synthesis of leghaemoglobin, carbohydrated and protein in the nodule cytosol. Of the mycotoxins tested, aflatoxin B, was the most toxic. The decline in nitrogenase activity and total N concentration in the plants could be attributed to mycotoxins interference with normal nodule physiology and function.

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