Nanostructured Metal-Oxide Electrode Materials for Water Purification: Fabrication, Electrochemistry and Applications (Engineering Materials)

✍ Scribed by Onoyivwe Monday Ama (editor), Suprakas Sinha Ray (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2020
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 205
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book reports on the development of nanostructured metal-oxide-based electrode materials for use in water purification. The removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals from wastewater is a growing environmental and societal priority. This book thus focuses primarily on new techniques to modify the nanostructural properties of various solvent-electrolyte combinations to address these issues. Water treatment is becoming more and more challenging due to the ever increasing complexity of the pollutants present, requiring alternative and complementary approaches toward the removal of toxic chemicals, heavy metals and micro-organisms, to name a few. This contributed volume cuts across the fields of electrochemistry, water science, materials science, and nanotechnology, while presenting up-to-date experimental results on the properties and synthesis of metal-oxide electrode materials, as well as their application to areas such as biosensing and photochemical removal of organicwastewater pollutants. Featuring an introductory chapter on electrochemical cells, this book is well positioned to acquaint interdisciplinary researchers to the field, while providing topical coverage of the latest techniques and methodology. It is ideal for students and research professionals in water science, materials science, and chemical and civil engineering.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
1 Dynamic Degradation Efficiency of Major Organic Pollutants from Wastewater
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Dyes
1.2.1 Synthetic Dyes
1.2.2 Some Predominantly Used Acidic Dyes
1.2.3 Basic Dyes
1.3 Pharmaceutical Products
1.3.1 Ways Pharmaceutical Products Go into Wastewater
1.3.2 Types of Pharmaceutical Products Polluting Wastewater
1.3.3 Environmental Concerns and Health Issues Arise from PPs in Wastewater
1.4 Wastewater
1.5 Photocatalyst Semiconductors
1.6 Degradation Techniques
1.6.1 Photocatalysis Process
1.6.2 Photoelectrochemical Degradation Efficiency on Synthetic Dyes
1.7 Summary of the Findings
1.7.1 Causative Impacts of Synthetic Dyes and Pharmaceutical Products Wastewater
1.7.2 Semiconductor Photocatalysts
1.7.3 Photoelectrochemical Technique
1.7.4 Photoelectrochemical Degradation Efficiency on Organic Pollutants
1.8 Conclusions
References
2 Synthesis and Fabrication of Photoactive Nanocomposites Electrodes for the Degradation of Wastewater Pollutants
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Nanoparticles
2.2.1 Fundamental Nanoparticles
2.2.2 Photoelectrochemical Technique
2.3 Photoactive Nanocomposites
2.4 Synthesis of Photoactive Nanocomposites
2.4.1 Different Techniques on Synthesis of Nanocomposites
2.4.2 Characterization Techniques
2.5 Fabrication of the Photoactive Semiconductors
2.6 Current Issues and Gap of Knowledge
2.7 Summary of the Chapter
2.7.1 Nanoparticles
2.7.2 Photoactive Metal Oxides
2.8 Methods for Production of Nanocomposites
2.8.1 Characterization Techniques
2.8.2 Synthesis of Photoactive Nanocomposites
2.8.3 Fabrication of Photoelectrodes
2.8.4 Photoelectrochemical Techniques
2.9 Conclusions and the Future Direction
References
3 The Essence of Electrochemical Measurements on Corrosion Characterization and Electrochemistry Application
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Corrosion
3.2.1 Corrosion Process
3.3 Electrochemistry
3.4 Electrochemical Measurements
3.4.1 Pre-measurements and Post Characterization Techniques
3.4.2 Electrochemical Cell
3.4.3 Corrosion Measurements Governing Techniques in EMS
3.4.4 Electrochemistry Application
3.4.5 Electrochemistry Governing Techniques on EMs
3.5 Summary and Future Scope of Electrochemical Measurements
3.6 Conclusions and Future Scope
3.6.1 Conclusions
3.6.2 Future Scope
References
4 Electrochemical Cells
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Galvanic Cells
4.1.2 Electrolytic Cell
4.1.3 Electrochemical Cell Electrodes
4.1.4 Working Electrodes (WE)
4.1.5 Counter or Auxiliary Electrode (CE)
4.1.6 Reference Electrode
4.2 Electrode Potential (E0)
4.3 Nernst Equation
4.4 Faradaic and Non-faradaic Processes
4.4.1 Lectrochemical Resistance
4.4.2 Electrode Reaction
4.4.3 Mass Transport Processes in an Electrochemical Cell
4.5 Diffusion
4.5.1 Migration
4.6 Convention
References
5 Properties and Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Electrochemistry
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Classification of Nanoparticles
5.2.1 Carbon-Based Nanoparticles
5.2.2 Organic Nanoparticles
5.2.3 Inorganic Nanoparticles
5.3 Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
5.3.1 Sol-Gel Method
5.3.2 Pyrolysis Method
5.3.3 Others
5.4 Properties of Nanoparticles
5.4.1 Optical Properties
5.4.2 Electrical Properties
5.4.3 Particle Mobility
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Biosensor Application
6.1 Introduction
6.2 TiO2 Nanoparticles as a Smart Nanomaterial for the Construction of a Biosensor
6.3 ZnO Nanoparticle as a Brilliant Nanomaterial for the Fabrication of a Biosensor
6.4 MnO2 Nanoparticle as an Intelligent Nanomaterial for the Development of a Biosensor
6.5 Magnetic Oxide Nanomaterial as an Excellent Nanowire for the Design of an Electrochemical Biosensor
6.6 Conclusions and Future Outlook
References
7 Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metals in Water
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Kinds of Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Electrode Modification and Their Electrochemical Applications
7.2.1 TiO2 Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes
7.2.2 Fe2O3, Fe2O4 and Fe3O4 Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes
7.2.3 SnO2 Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes
7.2.4 ZnO Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes
7.2.5 MnO, MnO2 Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes
7.3 Deductions and Forthcoming Outlook
References
8 Application of Metal Oxides Electrodes
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Metal Oxide Electrodes as Sensors in Medicine and Other Areas
8.1.2 Environmental Protection and Safety
8.1.3 Metal Oxide Electrodes as Semiconductors
8.1.4 Application of Metal Oxide-Based Electrode in Energy Storage
8.2 Application of Metal Oxide-Based Electrode in Lithium Ion Batteries
8.2.1 Metal Oxide Electrodes Applications in Solar Cells
8.3 Conclusion
References
9 Application of Modified Metal Oxide Electrodes in Photoelectrochemical Removal of Organic Pollutants from Wastewater
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Methods of Modification of Metal Oxides for Improved Photoelectrochemical Activity
9.2.1 Modification with Carbon-Based Materials
9.2.2 Formation of Mixed Metal Oxides/Heterostructures
9.2.3 Doping with Metals and Non-metals
9.3 Conclusion
References
10 Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for Adsorption and Photoelectrochemical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Aqueous Solution
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Bases of Photoelectrocatalytic Activities
10.3 TiO2 Metal Oxide Based Composites for Photoelectrocatalysis Enhancement
10.3.1 Transition Metals-Modified TiO2
10.3.2 Non-metals/Metalloids Modified TiO2
10.3.3 Carbonaceous Materials Modified TiO2
10.3.4 Polymer Modified TiO2
10.3.5 Ordered TiO2 Materials
10.4 Other Metal Oxide Catalysts Other Than TiO2 Used for Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation
10.5 Adsorption Effects on Photoelectrocatalytic Performance of Photoelectrodes
10.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Index