Nanoparticles : preparation and characterization

✍ Scribed by Bhaskarwar, Ashok N.; Pande, Maneesha

• Publisher: Momentum Press
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 238
• Series: Nanotechnology collection
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Nanotechnology and nanoparticles have emerged as an important tool towards improving cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Recognizing the indispensable role of nanoparticles specifically in targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic and other anti-cancer agents to tumors, this book provides a comprehensive account of the different methods used for the preparation of nanoparticles, including the mechanism behind each method, for a beginner in the field. The commonly used methods of physical post- synthesis characterization, have also been described. The toxicity aspects of nanoparticles have been highlighted, particularly the effect of nanoparticles on different systems of the human body. Appreciating the interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology applications in cancer drug delivery, a brief description of the genesis and growth of a tumor has also been included in the book. Read more...

Abstract: Nanotechnology and nanoparticles have emerged as an important tool towards improving cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Recognizing the indispensable role of nanoparticles specifically in targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic and other anti-cancer agents to tumors, this book provides a comprehensive account of the different methods used for the preparation of nanoparticles, including the mechanism behind each method, for a beginner in the field. The commonly used methods of physical post- synthesis characterization, have also been described. The toxicity aspects of nanoparticles have been highlighted, particularly the effect of nanoparticles on different systems of the human body. Appreciating the interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology applications in cancer drug delivery, a brief description of the genesis and growth of a tumor has also been included in the book

✦ Table of Contents

Content: 1. Introduction to nanotechnology --
1.1 Nanotechnology: definition --
1.2 Nanomedicine. 2. Nanotechnology in cancer diagnostics, therapeutics, and imaging --
2.1 Genesis of cancer --
2.1.1 Causes of mutation --
2.1.2 Characteristics of cancer cells --
2.1.3 Growth of a tumor --
2.2 Cancer diagnostics --
2.3 Cancer imaging --
2.3.1 Molecular imaging --
2.3.2 Role of nanoparticles in cancer diagnostics and imaging --
2.3.3 Quantum dots in cancer imaging --
2.4 Cancer therapeutics --
2.4.1 Cancer targeting --
2.4.2 Role of nanoparticles in cancer therapeutics. 3. Methods of preparation of nanoparticles for drug delivery --
3.1 Theoretical considerations behind formation of nanoparticles --
3.1.1 Phase equilibria: fundamental considerations --
3.2 Methods based on nanoprecipitation from single phase systems --
3.2.1 Precipitation/co-precipitation --
3.2.2 Microemulsion method --
3.2.3 Solvent displacement method --
3.3 Methods based on formation of nanoparticles from heterogenous systems: emulsion based processes --
3.3.1 Methods based on homogenization --
3.3.2 Methods based on the formation of nanoparticles from preformed polymers --
3.3.3 Methods based on polymerization from monomers --
3.4 Methods based on complexation by electrostatic/ionic interactions --
3.4.1 Methods based on formation of polyelectrolyte complex --
3.4.2 Methods based on ionic crosslinking (Ionotropic gelation) --
3.5 Nanoparticles produced by desolvation of macromolecules --
3.6 Techniques based on supercritical or compressed fluids --
3.6.1 Hydrothermal methods --
3.7 Sonochemical methods --
3.8 Microwave assisted methods --
3.9 Separation of nanoparticles --
3.9.1 Ultracentrifugation followed by lyophilization --
3.9.2 Magnetic separation methods --
3.9.3 Membrane filtration --
3.9.4 Calcination. 4. Characterization of nanoparticles --
4.1 Methods based on microscopy --
4.1.1 Electron microscopy --
4.1.2 Scanning tunneling microscopy --
4.1.3 Atomic force microscopy --
4.2 Methods based on scattering of light --
4.2.1 Dynamic light scattering --
4.2.2 Static light scattering --
4.2.3 Scattering tracking analysis --
4.2.4 Small angle x-ray scattering. 5. Toxicity of nanoparticles --
5.1 In vivo toxicity --
5.1.1 Effect of nanoparticles on the respiratory system --
5.1.2 Effect of nanoparticles on the cardiovascular system --
5.1.3 Effect of nanoparticles on skin --
5.1.4 Effect of nanoparticles on the gastrointestinal tract --
5.1.5 Effect of nanoparticles on the reproductive system --
5.1.6 Effect of nanoparticles on the immune system --
5.1.7 Effect of nanoparticles on neurological system: brain and the blood-brain barrier --
5.1.8 Nanoparticles and genotoxicity --
5.2 Mechanisms of in vivo toxicity of nanoparticles --
5.2.1 Generation of reactive oxygen species --
5.2.2 Frustrated phagocytosis --
5.3 Ecotoxicity of nanoparticles. 6. Current status and future scope --
6.1 Cancer theranostics --
6.2 Cell derived nanoparticles --
6.3 Upconverting nanoparticles --
6.4 Need for regulation --
References --
Index.

✦ Subjects

Nanoparticles;MEDICAL;Pharmacology;microscopy;nanoparticle characterization;nanoparticle preparation methods;nanoparticle toxicity;nanoparticles;nanotechnology;targeted drug delivery;tumor