Nanomechanical Architecture of Strained Bilayer Thin Films: From Design Principles to Experimental Fabrication
✍ Scribed by M. Huang; C. Boone; M. Roberts; D. E. Savage; M. G. Lagally; N. Shaji; H. Qin; R. Blick; J. A. Nairn; F. Liu
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 286 KB
- Volume
- 17
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0935-9648
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✦ Synopsis
GCNBs were prepared by chemical vapor deposition at Tokai Carbon Co. Ltd. The detailed preparation procedure has been reported previously [18]. The structure of GCNBs was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Rigaku, Rint2500), Raman spectroscopy (Jovin-Yvon, T-64 000), and TEM (Hitachi-9000).
For the fabrication of GCNB electrodes, each GCNB sample was mixed with a solution of poly(vinylidene difluoride)/N-methylpyrrolidinone (PVdF/NMP) (KF # 1120, Kureha) to make a slurry of a suitable viscosity. The weight ratio of GCNBs to PVdF was adjusted to 9:1. Then, the slurry was spread onto a copper foil thinly and evenly to fabricate the electrodes. The electrode was allowed to stand in a draft overnight to evaporate most of the NMP solvent, and was then vacuum dried at 80 °C for 1 day. The electrode thickness was ca. 100 lm. For electrochemical measurements, 1 mol dm -3 LiClO 4 dissolved in PC and 1 mol dm -3 LiClO 4 dissolved in EC:DEC (1:1 by volume) were used as electrolytes. The former and the latter electrolytes are referred to as PC-and EC-based electrolytes, respectively. CV measurements were performed in a three-electrode cell using a HSV-100 (Hokuto Denko) instrument. Alternating current (AC) impedance measurements were also conducted with a three-electrode cell using a Solartron SI 1255 impedance analyzer coupled with a SI 1480 multi-channel electrochemical interface over a frequency range from 100 kHz to 10 mHz with an AC oscillation of 10 mV. Lithium metal was used as the counter and reference electrodes, and the GCNB electrode served as the working electrode. Unless otherwise stated, potentials were referenced to lithium metal.