Nanocomposites: Materials, Manufacturing and Engineering

✍ Scribed by Davim P.J., Charitidis C.A. (ed.)

• Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
• Year: 2013
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 225
• Series: Advanced Composites
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Nanocomposites are currently defined "as a multiphase solid material where one of the phases has one, two or three dimensions of less than 100 nanometers or structures having nano-scale repeat distances between the different phases that make up the material".
The use of nanocomposites with polymer, metal or ceramic matrices has increased in various areas of engineering and technology due to their special properties, with applications in bioengineering, battery cathodes, automotives, sensors and computers, as well other advanced industries. The present volume aims to provide recent information on nanocomposites (materials manufacturing and engineering) in six chapters. The chapter 1 of the book provides information on synthesis and characterization of ceramic hollow nanocomposites and nanotraps. Chapter 2 is dedicated to recent advances on preparation, properties and applications polyurathene nanocomposites. Chapter 3 described preparation, characterization and properties of organoclays, carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes based polymer nanocomposites. Chapter 4 contains information on mechanical and wear properties of multi-scale phase reinforced composites. Chapter 5 described modeling mechanical properties of nanocomposites Finally, chapter 6 is dedicated to polyanaline derivates and carbon nanotubes and their characterization.
This book is the essential reference for academics, materials and physics researchers, materials, mechanical and manufacturing engineers, and professionals in nanocomposite-related industries.

Emerging, though very rapidly growing field: very important for current research as well as training of young scientists.
Nanocomposite science and technology is a very timely and strongly interdisciplinary field which needs interaction between chemists, physicists, engineers and biologists.
Nanocomposites are high potential materials due to special, new and unique mechanical and physical properties.
The Series will be THE comprehensive reference: Covers properties and performance of composites materials, including fibrous and particulate reinforcements in polymeric, metallic and ceramic matrices and 'natural' composites (wood and biological materials, etc), such as physical and chemical properties, microstructural characterization of composites, design and manufacture of composites and structures, mechanical behaviour in use environments, testing and characterisation techniques, modelling and optimization methods, fracture, creep, tribology, machinability, and performance of composites in service.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Advanced Composites: Volume 1
Also of Interest
Nanocomposites: Materials, Manufacturing and Engineering
Copyright
Preface
Contents
List of contributing authors
1. Synthesis and characterization of ceramic hollow nanocomposites and nanotraps
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Hollow nanocomposites
1.2.1 Cerium oxide hollow nanocomposites
1.2.2 Titanium oxide hollow nanocomposites
1.2.3 Cerium molybdate hollow nanocomposites
1.2.4 Cerium titanium oxide hollow nanocomposites
1.2.5 Magnetic hollow nanocomposites
1.2.6 SiO2-CaO hollow nanocomposites
1.2.7 Water trapping nanocomposites
1.2.8 Chloride trap nanocomposites
1.3 Nanocomposites loaded with corrosion inhibitors
1.4 Antibacterial action of hollow nanocomposites
1.5 Nanocomposites incorporated into coatings
1.6 Properties
1.7 Summary and Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
2. Recent advances on preparation, properties and applications of polyurethane nanocomposites
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fillers used in PU nanocomposites
2.2.1 Sheet/platelets type inorganic nanofillers
2.2.1.1 Natural layered silicates
2.2.1.2 Layered double hydroxides
2.2.1.3 Graphene
2.2.2 Nanofillers with spherical and cubical shapes
2.2.2.1 Metal nanoparticles
2.2.2.2 Nanosilica
2.2.2.3 Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)
2.2.3 Rod/fiber type nanofillers
2.2.3.1 Carbon nanotubes
2.2.3.2 Carbon nanofibers
2.2.4 Other nanofillers
2.3 Preparation of PU nanocomposites
2.4 Nanostructure establishment in PU nanocomposites
2.4.1 Clay/PU nanocomposites
2.4.2 PU/LDH nanocomposites
2.4.3 PU nanocomposites of CNT and CNF
2.4.4 Nanocomposites of PU with POSS, SiO2 and Ag
2.5 Properties of PU nanocomposites
2.5.1 Mechanical properties
2.5.1.1 Clay/PU nanocomposites
2.5.1.2 LDH/PU nanocomposites
2.5.1.3 PU nanocomposites of CNT and CNF
2.5.1.4 Nanocomposites of PU with SiC, ZnO, SiO2 and Ag
2.5.2 Thermal properties
2.5.2.1 Thermogravimetric analysis
2.5.2.2 Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis
2.5.3 Gas barrier properties
2.5.4 Adhesive properties
2.5.5 Flame retardant properties
2.5.6 Electrical conductivity
2.5.7 Thermal conductivity
2.5.8 Dielectric properties
2.5.9 Biological properties
2.6 Conclusions
References
3. Preparation, characterization, and properties of organoclay, carbon nanofiber, and carbon nanotube based thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Nanofillers
3.2.1 Layered silicates
3.2.2 Carbon nanofibers
3.2.3 Carbon nanotubes
3.3 Polyurethanes
3.3.1 Thermoplastic polyurethanes
3.4 Polymer nanocomposites
3.4.1 Polymer/organoclay nanocomposites
3.4.2 Preparation of polymer nanocomposites
3.5 TPU/organoclay nanocomposites
3.6 TPU/carbon nanofiber nanocomposites
3.7 TPU/carbon nanotube nanocomposites
3.8 Summary and future scope
References
4. Mechanical and wear properties of multi-scale phase reinforced composites
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Preparation of multi-scale phase reinforced composites
4.2.1 MPRCs with nanofiller-modified matrix
4.2.2 MPRCs with nanotube-modified fibers
4.3 Properties of MPRCs based on nano-modified polymer matrix
4.3.1 Mechanical properties
4.3.2 Wear performance
4.4 Mechanical properties of MPRCs based on nano-engineered reinforcing fibers
4.5 Concluding remarks
References
5. Modeling mechanical properties of nanocomposites
5.1 Molecular modeling
5.1.1 Theory of molecular dynamics method
5.1.2 Applications of molecular dynamics simulations
5.2 Nano-, micro- and continuum mechanical modeling
5.2.1 Continuum mechanics
5.2.2 Micromechanics
5.2.2.1 Shape of reinforcing phase
5.2.3 Determination of tensors Aijkl and Bjjkl
5.2.3.1 Voigt and Reuss
5.2.3.2 Eshelby’s equivalent inclusion method
5.2.3.3 The self-consistent model
5.2.3.4 The Mori-Tanaka Model
5.2.3.5 The Dvorak-Srinivas Model
5.2.3.6 The effective medium field approximation
5.2.4 Orientation effects
5.2.5 Effects of dispersion
5.2.6 Scale effects
5.3 Multiscale modeling
5.3.1 Sequential coupled methods
5.3.2 Concurrent coupled methods
References
6. Polyaniline derivates and carbon nanotubes and their characterization
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Synthesis of nanocomposite materials
6.3 Characterization of nanocomposite materials and characterization of their physical chemistry properties
6.3.1 Deposition of thin films by Langmuir-Schaefer technique and study of the pressure-area isotherms
6.3.2 UV- vis spectroscopy and band gap calculations
6.3.3 Cyclic voltammetry
6.3.4 Determination of specific conductivity
6.3.5 Nanocomposite materials and their possible applications
Acknowledgements
References
Index