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Myelin-associated glycoprotein and its axonal receptors

✍ Scribed by Ronald L. Schnaar; Pablo H.H. Lopez

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2009
Tongue
English
Weight
215 KB
Volume
87
Category
Article
ISSN
0360-4012

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG) is expressed on the innermost myelin membrane wrap, directly apposed to the axon surface. Although it is not required for myelination, MAG enhances long‐term axon–myelin stability, helps to structure nodes of Ranvier, and regulates the axon cytoskeleton. In addition to its role in axon–myelin stabilization, MAG inhibits axon regeneration after injury; MAG and a discrete set of other molecules on residual myelin membranes at injury sites actively signal axons to halt elongation. Both the stabilizing and the axon outgrowth inhibitory effects of MAG are mediated by complementary MAG receptors on the axon surface. Two MAG receptor families have been described, sialoglycans (specifically gangliosides GD1a and GT1b) and Nogo receptors (NgRs). Controversies remain about which receptor(s) mediates which of MAG's biological effects. Here we review the findings and challenges in associating MAG's biological effects with specific receptors. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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